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<h2 id="S2053-Summary">Summary</h2>A possible Remote Code Execution attack when using an unintentional expression in Freemarker tag instead of string literals<div class="table-wrap"><table class="wrapped confluenceTable"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><th class="confluenceTh"><p>Who should read this</p></th><td class="confluenceTd"><p>All Struts 2 developers and users</p></td></tr><tr><th class="confluenceTh"><p>Impact of vulnerability</p></th><td class="confluenceTd"><p>A RCE attack is possible when developer is using wrong construction in Freemarker tags</p></td></tr><tr><th class="confluenceTh"><p>Maximum security rating</p></th><td class="confluenceTd"><p>Moderate</p></td></tr><tr><th class="confluenceTh"><p>Recommendation</p></th><td class="confluenceTd"><p>Upgrade to <a href="versionnotes2.51.html">Struts 2.5.12</a> or <a href="versionnotes2.32.html">Struts 2.3.34</a></p></td></tr><tr><th class="confluenceTh"><p>Affected Software</p></th><td class="confluenceTd"><p><span>Struts 2.0.0 -</span><span style="color: rgb(23,35,59);"> 2.3.33</span></p><p>Struts 2.5 -<span style="color: rgb(23,35,59);"> Struts 2.5.10.1</span></p></td></tr><tr><th class="confluenceTh"><p>Reporter</p></th><td class="confluenceTd"><p><span>Lupin <lupin1314 at gmail dot com> - </span><a href="javascript:;" class="external-link" rel="nofollow">jd.com</a><span> security team<br></span></p><p>David Greene <david at trumpetx dot com></p><p>Roland McIntosh <struts at rgm dot nu></p></td></tr><tr><th class="confluenceTh"><p>CVE Identifier</p></th><td class="confluenceTd"><p>CVE-2017-12611</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><h2 id="S2053-Problem">Problem</h2><p>When using expression literals or forcing expression in Freemarker tags (see example below) and using request values can lead to RCE attack.</p><div class="code panel pdl conf-macro output-block" style="border-width: 1px;" data-hasbody="true" data-macro-name="code"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="syntaxhighlighter-pre" data-syntaxhighlighter-params="brush: java; gutter: false; theme: Default" data-theme="Default"><@s.hidden name="redirectUri" value=redirectUri />
<@s.hidden name="redirectUri" value="${redirectUri}" />
<@s.hidden name="${redirectUri}"/></pre>
</div></div><p>In both cases a writable property is used in the <code>value</code> attribute and in both cases this is threatened as an expression by Freemarker. Please be aware that using Struts expression evaluation style is safe:</p><div class="code panel pdl conf-macro output-block" style="border-width: 1px;" data-hasbody="true" data-macro-name="code"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="syntaxhighlighter-pre" data-syntaxhighlighter-params="brush: java; gutter: false; theme: Default" data-theme="Default"><@s.hidden name="redirectUri" value="%{redirectUri}" />
<@s.hidden name="%{redirectUri}"/></pre>
</div></div><p><span style="font-size: 20.0px;">Solution</span></p><p>Do not use such constructions in your code or use read-only properties to initialise the <code>value</code> attribute (property with getter only). You can upgrade to Apache Struts version 2.5.12 or 2.3.34 which contain more restricted Freemarker configuration but removing vulnerable constructions is preferable.</p><h2 id="S2053-Backwardcompatibility">Backward compatibility</h2><p>No backward incompatibility issues are expected.</p><h2 id="S2053-Workaround">Workaround</h2><p>Inspect your code and remove vulnerable constructions.</p><p><br></p>
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