diff --git a/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.cpg b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.cpg
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3ad133c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.cpg
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+UTF-8
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.dbf b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.dbf
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..0fed934
Binary files /dev/null and b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.dbf differ
diff --git a/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.prj b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.prj
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..747df58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.prj
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+GEOGCS["GCS_North_American_1983",DATUM["D_North_American_1983",SPHEROID["GRS_1980",6378137,298.257222101]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0],UNIT["Degree",0.017453292519943295]]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shp b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shp
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5b6fc50
Binary files /dev/null and b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shp differ
diff --git a/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shp.ea.iso.xml b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shp.ea.iso.xml
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..bb52087
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shp.ea.iso.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,600 @@
+
+
+
+ Feature Catalog for the Current States and Equivalent Entities TIGER/Line Shapefile
+
+
+ States and Equivalent Entities
+
+
+ 2022
+
+
+ 2022-09-29
+
+
+ eng; USA
+
+
+ utf8
+
+
+
+
+ U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division, Spatial Data Collection and Products Branch
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 301-763-1128
+
+
+ 301-763-4710
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 4600 Silver Hill Road, Stop 7400
+
+
+ Washington
+
+
+ DC
+
+
+ 20233-7400
+
+
+ United States
+
+
+ geo.geography@census.gov
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ pointOfContact
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ STATE.shp
+
+
+ Current State and Equivalent National entities
+
+
+ false
+
+
+
+
+
+ REGION
+
+
+ Current Census region code
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 1
+
+
+ Northeast
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 2
+
+
+ Midwest
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 3
+
+
+ South
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 4
+
+
+ West
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 9
+
+
+ Puerto Rico and the Island Areas
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ DIVISION
+
+
+ Current Census division code
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+
+ Puerto Rico and the Island Areas
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 1
+
+
+ New England
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 2
+
+
+ Middle Atlantic
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 3
+
+
+ East North Central
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 4
+
+
+ West North Central
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 5
+
+
+ South Atlantic
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 6
+
+
+ East South Central
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 7
+
+
+ West South Central
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 8
+
+
+ Mountain
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 9
+
+
+ Pacific
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ STATEFP
+
+
+ Current state Federal Information Processing Series (FIPS) code
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ National Standard Codes (ANSI INCITS 38-2009), Federal Information Processing
+ Series (FIPS) - States/State Equivalents
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ STATENS
+
+
+ Current state GNIS code
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ INCITS 446:2008 (Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)), Identifying Attributes
+ for Named Physical and Cultural Geographic Features (Except Roads and Highways) of
+ the United States, Its Territories, Outlying Areas, and Freely Associated Areas, and
+ the Waters of the Same to the Limit of the Twelve-Mile Statutory Zone
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ GEOID
+
+
+ State identifier; state FIPS code
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ National Standard Codes (ANSI INCITS 38-2009), Federal Information Processing
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ STUSPS
+
+
+ Current United States Postal Service state abbreviation
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Publication 28 - Postal Addressing Standards
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ NAME
+
+
+ Current state name
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ National Standard Codes (ANSI INCITS 38-2009), Federal Information Processing
+ Series (FIPS) - States/State Equivalents
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ LSAD
+
+
+ Current legal/statistical area description code for state
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 00
+
+
+ Blank
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ MTFCC
+
+
+ MAF/TIGER feature class code
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ G4000
+
+
+ State or Equivalent feature
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ FUNCSTAT
+
+
+ Current functional status
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ A
+
+
+ Active government providing primary general-purpose functions
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ ALAND
+
+
+ Current land area (square meters)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+
+ 9,999,999,999,999
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ AWATER
+
+
+ Current water area (square meters)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+
+ 9999999999999
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ INTPTLAT
+
+
+ Current latitude of the internal point
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ -90
+
+
+ 90
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ INTPTLON
+
+
+ Current longitude of the internal point
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ -180
+
+
+ 180
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shp.iso.xml b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shp.iso.xml
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c0b7259
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shp.iso.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,839 @@
+
+
+
+ tl_2022_us_state.shp.iso.xml
+
+
+ eng; USA
+
+
+ utf8
+
+
+ series_tl_2022_state.shp.iso.xml
+
+
+ dataset
+
+
+
+
+ U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division, Spatial Data Collection and Products Branch
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 301-763-1128
+
+
+ 301-763-4710
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 4600 Silver Hill Road, Stop 7400
+
+
+ Washington
+
+
+ DC
+
+
+ 20233-7400
+
+
+ United States
+
+
+ geo.geography@census.gov
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ pointOfContact
+
+
+
+
+ 2022-09-29
+
+
+ ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
+
+
+ ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
+
+
+ https://meta.geo.census.gov/data/existing/decennial/GEO/GPMB/TIGERline/Current_19115/tl_2022_us_state.shp.iso.xml
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ complex
+
+
+ 56
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ North American Datum of 1983
+
+
+ NAD83
+
+
+
+
+ 2007-01-19
+
+
+ revision
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ https://spatialreference.org/ref/epsg/4269/gml/
+
+
+ NAD83
+
+
+ Link to Geographic Markup Language (GML) description of reference system.
+
+
+ information
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ resourceProvider
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4269
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ TIGER/Line Shapefile, Current, Nation, U.S., State and Equivalent Entities
+
+
+ TIGER/Line Shapefile, 2022, Nation, U.S., State And Equivalent Entities
+
+
+
+
+ 2022
+
+
+ publication
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 2022-08
+
+
+ creation
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 2022-08
+
+
+ lastUpdate
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ tl_2022_us_state
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division, Spatial Data Collection and Products Branch
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 301-763-1128
+
+
+ 301-763-4710
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 4600 Silver Hill Road, Stop 7400
+
+
+ Washington
+
+
+ DC
+
+
+ 20233-7400
+
+
+ United States
+
+
+ geo.geography@census.gov
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ pointOfContact
+
+
+
+
+ mapDigital
+
+
+
+
+ This resource is a member of a series. The TIGER/Line shapefiles and related database files (.dbf) are an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the U.S. Census Bureau's Master Address File / Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER) Database (MTDB). The MTDB represents a seamless national file with no overlaps or gaps between parts, however, each TIGER/Line shapefile is designed to stand alone as an independent data set, or they can be combined to cover the entire nation.
+ States and equivalent entities are the primary governmental divisions of the United States. In addition to the fifty States, the Census Bureau treats the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and each of the Island Areas (American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands) as the statistical equivalents of States for the purpose of data presentation.
+
+
+ The Census Bureau releases extracts of the MAF/TIGER database in the form of TIGER/Line Shapefiles for others to use in geographic information systems (GIS) or for other geographic applications.
+
+
+ completed
+
+
+
+
+ U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division, Spatial Data Collection and Products Branch
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 301-763-1128
+
+
+ 301-763-4710
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 4600 Silver Hill Road, Stop 7400
+
+
+ Washington
+
+
+ DC
+
+
+ 20233-7400
+
+
+ United States
+
+
+ geo.geography@census.gov
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ pointOfContact
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ notPlanned
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/services/TIGERweb/tigerWMS_Current/MapServer/WmsServer?REQUEST=GetMap&SERVICE=WMS&VERSION=1.3.0&LAYERS=States,States_Labels49388&STYLES=default,default&FORMAT=image/png+xml&BGCOLOR=0xFFFFFF&TRANSPARENT=TRUE&CRS=EPSG:4326&BBOX=+38.7508,-77.4224,+39.0751,-76.6767&WIDTH=256&HEIGHT=256
+
+
+ URL for the TIGERWeb Mapping Service
+
+
+ URL
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Nation
+
+
+ Polygon
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ None
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ United States
+
+
+ U.S.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ ISO 3166 codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ otherRestrictions
+
+
+ otherRestrictions
+
+
+ Access constraints: None
+
+
+ Use Constraints: The TIGER/Line Shapefile products are not copyrighted however TIGER/Line and Census TIGER are registered trademarks of the U.S. Census Bureau. These products are free to use in a product or publication, however acknowledgement must be given to the U.S. Census Bureau as the source.
+The boundary information in the TIGER/Line Shapefiles are for statistical data collection and tabulation purposes only; their depiction and designation for statistical purposes does not constitute a determination of jurisdictional authority or rights of ownership or entitlement and they are not legal land descriptions. Coordinates in the TIGER/Line shapefiles have six implied decimal places, but the positional accuracy of these coordinates is not as great as the six decimal places suggest.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Series Information for State and Equivalent Entities National TIGER/Line Shapefiles, Current
+
+
+
+
+ 2022
+
+
+ publication
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ series_tl_2022_state
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division, Spatial Data Collection and Products Branch
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 301-763-1128
+
+
+ 301-763-4710
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 4600 Silver Hill Road, Stop 7400
+
+
+ Washington
+
+
+ DC
+
+
+ 20233-7400
+
+
+ United States
+
+
+ geo.geography@census.gov
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ pointOfContact
+
+
+
+
+ mapDigital
+
+
+
+
+ largerWorkCitation
+
+
+
+
+ vector
+
+
+ eng; USA
+
+
+ utf8
+
+
+ boundaries
+
+
+ The TIGER/Line shapefiles contain geographic data only and do not include display mapping software or statistical data. For information on how to use the TIGER/Line shapefile data with specific software package users shall contact the company that produced the software.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ -178.443593
+
+
+ 146.154418
+
+
+ -14.601813
+
+
+ 71.439786
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ publication date
+ 2021-06
+ 2022-08
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 1
+
+
+ States and Equivalent Entities
+
+
+
+
+ Feature Catalog for the Current States and Equivalent Entities TIGER/Line Shapefile
+
+
+
+
+ 2022
+
+
+ publication
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division, Spatial Data Collection and Products Branch
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 301-763-1128
+
+
+ 301-763-4710
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 4600 Silver Hill Road, Stop 7400
+
+
+ Washington
+
+
+ DC
+
+
+ 20233-7400
+
+
+ United States
+
+
+ geo.geography@census.gov
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ pointOfContact
+
+
+
+
+ https://meta.geo.census.gov/data/existing/decennial/GEO/GPMB/TIGERline/Current_19110/tl_2022_state.shp.ea.iso.xml
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ ZIP
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau,
+ Geography Division, Geographic Customer Services Branch
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 301-763-1128
+
+
+ 301-763-4710
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ 4600 Silver Hill Road, Stop 7400
+
+
+ Washington
+
+
+ DC
+
+
+ 20233-7400
+
+
+ United States
+
+
+ geo.geography@census.gov
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ distributor
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ The online copy of the TIGER/Line Shapefiles may be accessed without charge.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2022/STATE/tl_2022_us_state.zip
+
+
+ Shapefile Zip File
+
+
+ tl_2022_us_state.zip
+
+
+ The TIGER/Line Shapefiles are the fully supported, core geographic product from the U.S. Census Bureau. They are extracts of selected geographic and cartographic information from the U.S. Census Bureau's Master Address File/Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER) database.
+
+
+ download
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ https://meta.geo.census.gov/data/existing/decennial/GEO/GPMB/TIGERline/Current_19110/tl_2022_state.shp.ea.iso.xml
+
+
+ XML
+
+
+ tl_2022_state.shp.ea.iso.xml
+
+
+ Entity and attribute file
+
+
+ download
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/tigerWMS_Current/MapServer
+
+
+ https://www.ogc.org/standards/wms
+
+
+ TIGERweb/tigerWMS_Current (MapServer)
+
+
+ The Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC) Web Map Service interface standard (WMS) provides a simple HTTP interface for requesting geo-registered map images from our geospatial database. The response to the request is one or more geo-registered map images that can be displayed in a browser or WMS client application. By gaining access to our data through our WMS, users can produce maps containing TIGERweb layers combined with layers from other servers.
+
+
+ search
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/State_County/MapServer
+
+
+ https://geoservices.github.io
+
+
+ TIGERweb/State_County (MapServer)
+
+
+ The GeoServices REST Specification provides a way for Web clients to communicate with geographic information system (GIS) servers through Representational State Transfer (REST) technology.
+
+
+ search
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ dataset
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ The Census Bureau performed automated tests to ensure logical consistency and limits of shapefiles. Segments making up the outer and inner boundaries of a polygon tie end-to-end to completely enclose the area. All polygons are tested for closure.
+ The Census Bureau uses its internally developed geographic update system to enhance and modify spatial and attribute data in the Census MAF/TIGER database. Standard geographic codes, such as FIPS codes for states, counties, municipalities, county subdivisions, places, American Indian/Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian areas, and congressional districts are used when encoding spatial entities. The Census Bureau performed spatial data tests for logical consistency of the codes during the compilation of the original Census MAF/TIGER database files. Most of the codes for geographic entities except states, counties, urban areas, Core Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs), American Indian Areas (AIAs), and congressional districts were provided to the Census Bureau by the USGS, the agency responsible for maintaining the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS). Feature attribute information has been examined but has not been fully tested for consistency.
+ For the TIGER/Line Shapefiles, the Point and Vector Object Count for the G-polygon SDTS Point and Vector Object Type reflects the number of records in the shapefile attribute table. For multi-polygon features, only one attribute record exists for each multi-polygon rather than one attribute record per individual G-polygon component of the multi-polygon feature. TIGER/Line Shapefile multi-polygons are an exception to the G-polygon object type classification. Therefore, when multi-polygons exist in a shapefile, the object count will be less than the actual number of G-polygons.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Data completeness of the TIGER/Line Shapefiles reflects the contents of the Census MAF/TIGER database at the time the TIGER/Line Shapefiles were created.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Data completeness of the TIGER/Line Shapefiles reflects the contents of the Census MAF/TIGER database at the time the TIGER/Line Shapefiles were created.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ annually
+
+
+ This was transformed from the Census Bureau Geospatial Product Metadata Content Standard.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shx b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shx
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6db1f3d
Binary files /dev/null and b/drafts-lectures/tl_2022_us_state/tl_2022_us_state.shx differ