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实现前端路由.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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_ooOoo_
o8888888o
88" . "88
(| -_- |)
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| | \\\ - /// | |
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| | : `- \`.;`\ _ /`;.`/ - ` : | |
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
佛祖保佑 永无BUG
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<meta name="description" content="现代的前端框架react/vue/angular都有路由router的概念，通过手写实现可以帮助我们更好地了解它的工作原理。它们都推荐单页面应用 SPA 开发模式，在路由切换时替换 DOM Tree 中最小修改的部分 DOM，来减少原先因为多页应用的页面跳转带来的巨量性能损耗。它们都有自己的典型路由解决方案，@angular/router、react-router、vue-router等。 一般来">
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<meta property="og:site_name" content="cosyer's Blog">
<meta property="og:description" content="现代的前端框架react/vue/angular都有路由router的概念，通过手写实现可以帮助我们更好地了解它的工作原理。它们都推荐单页面应用 SPA 开发模式，在路由切换时替换 DOM Tree 中最小修改的部分 DOM，来减少原先因为多页应用的页面跳转带来的巨量性能损耗。它们都有自己的典型路由解决方案，@angular/router、react-router、vue-router等。 一般来">
<meta property="article:published_time" content="2018-11-24T03:44:48.000Z">
<meta property="article:modified_time" content="2020-08-30T16:51:02.545Z">
<meta property="article:author" content="陈宇（cosyer）">
<meta property="article:tag" content="整理">
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<div class="post-date" data-datetime="2020-08-31T00:51:02+08:00">
<div class="post-time-text">8月</div>
<div class="post-time-count">31</div>
<div class="text-desc">
<div class="date-text">更新于</div>
<div class="post-tiem">8月31</div>
<div class="post-year">2020</div>
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<h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">实现前端路由</h2>
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span>
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2018-11-24
</time>
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<span class="post-meta-divider">|</span>
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">热度 </span>
<span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> ℃
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">字数统计：</span>
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1,788 (字)
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读时长：</span>
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8 (分钟)
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</header>
<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody">
<p>现代的前端框架react/vue/angular都有路由router的概念，通过手写实现可以帮助我们更好地了解它的工作原理。它们都推荐单页面应用 SPA 开发模式，在路由切换时替换 DOM Tree 中最小修改的部分 DOM，来减少原先因为多页应用的页面跳转带来的巨量性能损耗。它们都有自己的典型路由解决方案，@angular/router、react-router、vue-router等。</p>
<p>一般来说，这些路由插件总是提供两种不同方式的路由方式： Hash 和 History，有时也会提供非浏览器环境下的路由方式 Abstract(支持所有 JavaScript 运行
环境，如 Node.js 服务器端。如果发现没有浏览器的 API，路由会自动强制进入这个模式)。</p>
<h3 id="实现路由的2种方式"><a href="#实现路由的2种方式" class="headerlink" title="实现路由的2种方式"></a>实现路由的2种方式</h3><ol>
<li>hash模式 状态保存需要另行传递</li>
<li>history模式 原生提供了自定义状态传递的能力</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="缺点"><a href="#缺点" class="headerlink" title="缺点"></a>缺点</h3><p>hash: 地址栏会多出一个#号，对url造成影响，在某些场景下如微信支付有坑。
history: 兼容性差，直接访问报404，需要服务器做处理。</p>
<h3 id="基本原理"><a href="#基本原理" class="headerlink" title="基本原理"></a>基本原理</h3><ul>
<li>hash 主要原理是通过监听 # 后的 URL 路径标识符的更改而触发的浏览器 hashchange 事件(当 location.hash 发生改变时，将触发这个事件)</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>注意： Hash 方法是利用了相当于页面锚点的功能，所以与原来的通过锚点定位来进行页面滚动定位的方式冲突，导致定位到错误的路由路径，因此需要采用别的办法。</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>history 则基于 pushState 和 popState replaceState</li>
</ul>
<p>Hash 模式是使用 URL 的 Hash 来模拟一个完整的 URL，因此当 URL 改变的时候页面并不会重载。History 模式则会直接改变 URL，所以在路由跳转的时候会丢失一些地址信息(只是动态的通过js操作window.history来改变浏览器地址栏里的路径，并没有发起http请求)，在刷新或直接访问路由地址的时候会匹配不到静态资源。因此需要在服务器上配置一些信息，让服务器增加一个覆盖所有情况的候选资源。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>history 模式下，前端的 URL 必须和实际向后端发起请求的 URL 一致，如 <a href="http://www.xxx.com/items/id。后端如果缺少对" target="_blank" rel="noopener">www.xxx.com/items/id。后端如果缺少对</a> /items/id 的路由处理，将返回
404 错误。</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<a id="more"></a>
<ul>
<li>服务器配置</li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li><p>Nginx方式
采用Nginx方案需要先将所有资源打包生成到对应的目录，比如dist，然后做如下配置：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">server {</span><br><span class="line"> server_name react.thinktxt.com;</span><br><span class="line"> listen <span class="number">80</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> root /Users/txBoy/WEB-Project/React-Demo/dist;</span><br><span class="line"> index index.html;</span><br><span class="line"> location / {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// $uri 是 nginx 的变量，就是当前这次请求的路径</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// try_files 会尝试在这个路径下寻找资源，如果找不到，会继续朝下一个寻找</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// $uri/ 的意思是在路径目录下寻找 index.html 或 index.htm</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 最后都找不到的话，返回 index.html</span></span><br><span class="line"> try_files $uri $uri/ <span class="regexp">/index.html;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp">}</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>通过修改webpack-dev-server运行方式
这个解决方法很简单，直接在运行时加入参数“–history-api-fallback”就可以了</p>
</li>
<li><p>Node服务端配置</p>
</li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// express</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//配置任何请求都转到index.html，而index.html会根据React-Router规则去匹配任何一个route</span></span><br><span class="line">app.get(<span class="string">'*'</span>, <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">request, response</span>)</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> response.sendFile(path.resolve(__dirname, <span class="string">'dist'</span>, <span class="string">'index.html'</span>))</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// koa</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> xtpl <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'koa-xtpl'</span>;</span><br><span class="line">app.use(xtpl({</span><br><span class="line"> root: path.resolve(__dirname, <span class="string">'../dist'</span>),</span><br><span class="line"> extname: <span class="string">'html'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> commands: {}</span><br><span class="line">}));</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>由于koa的这种方式端口与webpack-dev-server（8080）必须不同，所以还需要配合Nginx代理。例如：
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">server {</span><br><span class="line"> server_name react.thinktxt.com;</span><br><span class="line"> listen <span class="number">80</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> location / {</span><br><span class="line"> proxy_pass http:<span class="comment">//localhost:8081;</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">server {</span><br><span class="line"> server_name <span class="keyword">static</span>.react.thinktxt.com;</span><br><span class="line"> listen <span class="number">80</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> location / {</span><br><span class="line"> proxy_pass http:<span class="comment">//localhost:8080;</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>既然我们的Nginx代理用了真实域名，自然别忘了修改一下host，如下：
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="number">127.0</span><span class="number">.0</span><span class="number">.1</span> react.thinktxt.com</span><br><span class="line"><span class="number">127.0</span><span class="number">.0</span><span class="number">.1</span> <span class="keyword">static</span>.react.thinktxt.com</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="hash模式"><a href="#hash模式" class="headerlink" title="hash模式"></a>hash模式</h3><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><html></span><br><span class="line"><head></span><br><span class="line"> <meta charset=<span class="string">"UTF-8"</span>></span><br><span class="line"> <title>Document<<span class="regexp">/title></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> <style></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> body {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> margin: 0;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> padding: 0;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> #login, #index {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> width: 100%;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> height: 100%;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> display: none;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> #login {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> background: #f5f5f5;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> display: block;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> #index {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> background: #aaddff;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> </</span>style></span><br><span class="line"><<span class="regexp">/head></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"><body></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"><!--登录页--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"><div id="login" class="component"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> <input type="button" onclick="hashPush('index?id=1')" value="登陆"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></</span>div></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><!--首页--></span><br><span class="line"><div id=<span class="string">"index"</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span></span>=<span class="string">"component"</span>></span><br><span class="line"> <input type=<span class="string">"button"</span> onclick=<span class="string">"hashPush('login?key=2',{data:'params data'})"</span> value=<span class="string">"退出登陆"</span>></span><br><span class="line"><<span class="regexp">/div></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></</span>body></span><br><span class="line"><script></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 全局变量</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> params = {}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 页面跳转</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">hashPush</span>(<span class="params">url, param</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> location.hash = <span class="string">"#"</span> + url</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 解析url</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> questionIndex = url.indexOf(<span class="string">"?"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> path = url</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (questionIndex >= <span class="number">0</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> path = url.substr(<span class="number">0</span>, questionIndex)</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (param) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// path路由作为key标识内容传参 存储路由</span></span><br><span class="line"> params[path] = param </span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 监听hash的变动</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">window</span>.addEventListener(<span class="string">'hashchange'</span>, <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">e</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// let newURL = event.newURL; // hash 改变后的新 url</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// let oldURL = event.oldURL; // hash 改变前的旧 url</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> url = location.hash.slice(<span class="number">1</span>) || <span class="string">"index"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 解析url</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> questionIndex = url.indexOf(<span class="string">"?"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> path, query</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (questionIndex >= <span class="number">0</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 获取当前变化的路由名</span></span><br><span class="line"> path = url.substr(<span class="number">0</span>, questionIndex)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 获取url上的传参</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> queryString = url.substr(questionIndex + <span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> queryArray = queryString.split(<span class="string">"&"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> queryObject = {}</span><br><span class="line"> queryArray.map(<span class="function"><span class="params">str</span> =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> equalIndex = str.indexOf(<span class="string">"="</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (equalIndex > <span class="number">0</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> key = str.substr(<span class="number">0</span>, equalIndex)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> value = str.substr(equalIndex + <span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> queryObject[key] = value</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line"> query = queryObject</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> path = url</span><br><span class="line"> query = {}</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">'接收到url传递的参数'</span>, query)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">'直接用params传递的参数'</span>, params[path])</span><br><span class="line"> setVisible(path)</span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 显示跟路由地址对应的内容，隐藏其他内容</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">setVisible</span>(<span class="params">url</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> components = <span class="built_in">Array</span>.from(<span class="built_in">document</span>.body.querySelectorAll(<span class="string">".component"</span>))</span><br><span class="line"> components.map(<span class="function"><span class="params">item</span> =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (item.id === url) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// console.log('显示',item.id)</span></span><br><span class="line"> item.style.display = <span class="string">'block'</span></span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// console.log('隐藏',item.id)</span></span><br><span class="line"> item.style.display = <span class="string">'none'</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"><<span class="regexp">/script></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></</span>html></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="history模式-需要服务器环境"><a href="#history模式-需要服务器环境" class="headerlink" title="history模式(需要服务器环境)"></a>history模式(需要服务器环境)</h3><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><html></span><br><span class="line"><head></span><br><span class="line"> <meta charset=<span class="string">"UTF-8"</span>></span><br><span class="line"> <title>Document<<span class="regexp">/title></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> <style></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> body {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> margin: 0;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> padding: 0;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> #login, #index {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> width: 100%;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> height: 100%;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> display: none;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> #login {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> background: #f5f5f5;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> display: block;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> #index {</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> background: #aaddff;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> </</span>style></span><br><span class="line"><<span class="regexp">/head></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"><body></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"><!--登录页--></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"><div id="login" class="component"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> <input type="button" onclick="historyPush('index')" value="登陆"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></</span>div></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><!--首页--></span><br><span class="line"><div id=<span class="string">"index"</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span></span>=<span class="string">"component"</span>></span><br><span class="line"> <input type=<span class="string">"button"</span> onclick=<span class="string">"historyPush('login',{data:'params data'})"</span> value=<span class="string">"退出登陆"</span>></span><br><span class="line"><<span class="regexp">/div></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></</span>body></span><br><span class="line"><script></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 全局变量</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> params = {}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 页面跳转</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">historyPush</span>(<span class="params">url, param</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> history.pushState(param, <span class="string">'我是页面标题'</span>, url)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (param) {</span><br><span class="line"> params[url] = param</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 监听前进后退</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">window</span>.addEventListener(<span class="string">'popstate'</span>, <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">e</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// e.state 就是pushState 的时候，传的第一个参数</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> url = state.target.location.pathName</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">'接收到传递的参数'</span>, e.state)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">'直接用params传递的参数'</span>, params[path])</span><br><span class="line"> setVisible(path)</span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 显示跟路由地址对应的内容，隐藏其他内容</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">setVisible</span>(<span class="params">url</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> components = <span class="built_in">Array</span>.from(<span class="built_in">document</span>.body.querySelectorAll(<span class="string">".component"</span>))</span><br><span class="line"> components.map(<span class="function"><span class="params">item</span> =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (item.id === url) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// console.log('显示',item.id)</span></span><br><span class="line"> item.style.display = <span class="string">'block'</span></span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// console.log('隐藏',item.id)</span></span><br><span class="line"> item.style.display = <span class="string">'none'</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"><<span class="regexp">/script></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"></</span>html></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="参考资料"><a href="#参考资料" class="headerlink" title="参考资料"></a>参考资料</h2><ul>
<li><a href="https://juejin.im/post/5c52da9ee51d45221f242804" target="_blank" rel="noopener">前端路由跳转基本原理</a></li>
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<p><span>文章作者:</span><a href="/" title="访问 陈宇（cosyer） 的个人博客">陈宇（cosyer）</a></p>
<p><span>发布时间:</span>2018年11月24日 - 11:11</p>
<p><span>最后更新:</span>2020年08月31日 - 00:08</p>
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