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实现双向绑定.html
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<h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">实现双向绑定</h2>
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span>
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2018-11-07
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">热度 </span>
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">字数统计：</span>
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3,272 (字)
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<span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读时长：</span>
<span title="阅读时长：">
15 (分钟)
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<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody">
<p>主流的双向绑定方法
1.发布-订阅模式
通过使用 get 和 set 的方式获取数据然后更新数据，其原理就是监听页面中某个具体元素的事件，然后将其最新的值手动 set 到 数据中，同时订阅 model 层的改变，然后触发页面的渲染更新</p>
<p>2.脏检测
通过对比数据是否有变更，来决定是否更新视图。最简单的可以通过定时轮询去检测数据的变动。Angular 只有在指定事件触发时进入脏检测：</p>
<ul>
<li>DOM事件，比如用户输入文本点击按钮等（ng-click）</li>
<li>XHR响应事件
浏览器 Location 变更</li>
<li>Timer事件</li>
<li>执行 $digest() 或 $apply();</li>
</ul>
<p>脏检查的主要原理是在将数据绑定到 View 的时候，就在监听器列表（scope 作用域中的监听队列 watchList）中插入一条监听器，当触发 UI 事件或者 Ajax 请求时，就会触发脏检查（$digest cycle), 在 $digest 流程中，将遍历每个数据变量的 watcher，比较它的新旧值。当新旧值不同时，触发 listener 函数，执行相关的更新逻辑。这个过程将会一直重复，直到所有数据指令的新旧值都相同为止。</p>
<p>脏检查虽然可以达到实现双向绑定，但是当页面中绑定的 watcher 过多时，就会引发性能问题。所以 angular 在进行 $digest 检测时，会限制循环检查的次数最少2次，最多10次，防止无效的检查。</p>
<p>3.数据劫持
通过 ES5 的 Object.defineProperty() 来劫持数据属性的 getter 和 setter， 在数据变动时触发订阅者（watcher），从而触发相应的监听回调更新视图。</p>
<ul>
<li>Observer 对数据的所有属性进行监听其 getter 和 setter</li>
<li>Compile 是一个指令解析器，对 MVVM 实例的所有元素指令进行解析，并渲染成 model 中的绑定数据，当数据进行更新时，也能替换为更新后的值。</li>
<li>Watcher 作为 Compile 和 Observer 的桥梁，能够订阅数据属性的更新，然后执行相应的监听回调</li>
<li>Deps 用于存放监听器数组，主要用来保存 Watcher</li>
<li>Updater 执行更新操作，针对不同的指令进行不同的更新操作，如 v-model, v-class, v-html 等类型的指令。</li>
<li>MVVM 作为入口函数，整合以上所有的功能。</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="http://cdn.mydearest.cn/blog/images/vue-mvvm.png" alt="vue-mvvm"></p>
<p>Observer 劫持了所有数据属性的 getter 和 setter，当数据发生改变时，就会通知 deps 中所有 watcher 的更新操作，进而触发页面的重新渲染，这是修改 Model 层从而引发 View 层的重新渲染。
在 Compile 中监听可输入元素的事件，然后将新值更新到 model 的数据中，这是修改 View 层触发的 Model 层的修改。</p>
<ul>
<li>用户名或者邮箱跟github没有关联上， github认为不是你提交的， 不统计。</li>
<li>fork 的项目， 不统计</li>
<li>没有在版本库的master【默认分支】上提交</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://github.com/SunShinewyf/issue-blog/issues/46" target="_blank" rel="noopener">解读</a></p>
<hr>
<a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="defineProperty实现"><a href="#defineProperty实现" class="headerlink" title="defineProperty实现"></a>defineProperty实现</h2><p>目前支持双向绑定的Vue中的实现就是这种方法。但是这种方法不太好的地方就是对于数组之类的对象，类似修改数组的length，直接用索引设置元素如items[0] = {}，以及数组的push，pop等变异方法是无法触发setter的。针对这些，vue中的实现是在Object和Array的原型添加了定制方法来处理这些特殊操作，可以实现上述要求。</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * bind</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{object}</span> </span>target </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{object}</span> </span>dom </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{object}</span> </span>map </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> bind = <span class="function">(<span class="params">target, dom, map</span>) =></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">Object</span>.keys(map || target).forEach(<span class="function"><span class="params">key</span> =></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">Object</span>.defineProperty(target, key, {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">set</span>(value) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> domKey = map ? map[key] : key</span><br><span class="line"> dom[domKey] = value</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">get</span>() {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> domKey = map ? map[key] : key</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> dom[domKey]</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }))</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">window</span>._alternate = {}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> p = <span class="built_in">document</span>.getElementById(<span class="string">'p'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">bind(_alternate, p, {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'value'</span>: <span class="string">'innerHTML'</span></span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="proxy实现"><a href="#proxy实现" class="headerlink" title="proxy实现"></a>proxy实现</h2><p>怎么理解reflect
reflect 是es6新增的一个全局对象。顾名思义，反射，类似于Java里面的反射机制。在Java里面，反射是个很头疼的概念。简单理解为：通过反射，我们可以在运行时获得程序或程序集中每一个类型的成员和成员的信息。对于Java来说，程序中一般的对象的类型都是在编译期就确定下来的，而Java反射机制可以动态地创建对象并调用其属性，这样的对象的类型在编译期是未知的。所以我们可以通过反射机制直接创建对象，即使这个对象的类型在编译期是未知的。</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * bind</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{object}</span> </span>model </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{object}</span> </span>map </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> bind = <span class="function">(<span class="params">model, map</span>) =></span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Proxy</span>(map || model, {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">get</span>(_, key) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> mkey = map ? map[key] : key</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="built_in">Reflect</span>.get(model, mkey)</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">set</span>(_, key, value) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> mkey = map ? map[key] : key</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="built_in">Reflect</span>.set(model, mkey, value)</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">window</span>.__alternate = bind(<span class="built_in">document</span>.getElementById(<span class="string">'p'</span>), {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'value'</span>: <span class="string">'innerHTML'</span></span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="mvvm"><a href="#mvvm" class="headerlink" title="mvvm"></a>mvvm</h2><p><a href="https://github.com/cosyer/MVVM" target="_blank" rel="noopener">MVVM</a></p>
<h3 id="mvvm-1"><a href="#mvvm-1" class="headerlink" title="mvvm"></a>mvvm</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">MVVM</span>(<span class="params">options</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.$el = options.el;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.$data = options.data;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.$method = options.method;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="keyword">this</span>.$el) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 对所有数据进行劫持</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> Observer(<span class="keyword">this</span>.$data);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 将数据直接代理到实例中，无需通过vm.$data来操作</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.proxyData(<span class="keyword">this</span>.$data);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> Compile(<span class="keyword">this</span>.$el, <span class="keyword">this</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">MVVM.prototype = {</span><br><span class="line"> proxyData: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">data</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">Object</span>.keys(data).forEach(<span class="function">(<span class="params">key</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">Object</span>.defineProperty(<span class="keyword">this</span>, key, {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">get</span>() {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> data[key];</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">set</span>(newValue) {</span><br><span class="line"> data[key] = newValue;</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="observer"><a href="#observer" class="headerlink" title="observer"></a>observer</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">Observer</span>(<span class="params">data</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.data = data;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.observe(<span class="keyword">this</span>.data);</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Observer.prototype = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{data}</span> </span>要监听的数据对象</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"> observe: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">data</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (!data || <span class="keyword">typeof</span> data !== <span class="string">"object"</span>) <span class="keyword">return</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 为每一个属性设置数据监听</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">Object</span>.keys(data).forEach(<span class="function">(<span class="params">key</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.defineReactive(data, key, data[key]);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.observe(data[key]); <span class="comment">// 深度递归劫持属性</span></span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{data}</span> </span>要监听的数据对象</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{key}</span> </span>要监听的对象属性key值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{value}</span> </span>要监听的对象属性值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"> defineReactive: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">data, key, value</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> dep = <span class="keyword">new</span> Dep();</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> self = <span class="keyword">this</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 如果是该属性值是对象类型，则遍历</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">Object</span>.defineProperty(data, key, {</span><br><span class="line"> enumerable: <span class="literal">true</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> configurable: <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">get</span>: () => {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 由于需要在闭包内添加watcher，所有需要 Dep 定义一个全局 target 属性，暂存 watcher ，添加完移除</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (Dep.target) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 如果为true，则说明是实例化 watcher 引起的，所以需要添加进消息订阅器中</span></span><br><span class="line"> dep.depend();</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> value;</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">set</span>: (newVal) => {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (newVal === value) <span class="keyword">return</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> value = newVal;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 对新值进行监听</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.observe(newVal);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 通知所有订阅者</span></span><br><span class="line"> dep.notify();</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="watcher"><a href="#watcher" class="headerlink" title="watcher"></a>watcher</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{*vm}</span> </span>双向绑定实例</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{*expOrFn}</span> </span>是表达式还是function</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param <span class="type">{*cb}</span> </span>执行更新时的回调函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">Watcher</span>(<span class="params">vm, expr, cb</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.depIds = {}; <span class="comment">// 存储deps订阅的依赖</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.vm = vm; <span class="comment">// component 实例</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.cb = cb; <span class="comment">// 更新数据时的回调函数</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.expr = expr; <span class="comment">// 表达式还是function</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.value = <span class="keyword">this</span>.get(vm, expr); <span class="comment">// 在实例化的时候获取老值</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Watcher.prototype = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 暴露给 Dep 类的方法，用于在订阅的数据更新时触发</span></span><br><span class="line"> update: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> newValue = <span class="keyword">this</span>.get(<span class="keyword">this</span>.vm, <span class="keyword">this</span>.expr); <span class="comment">// 获取到的新值</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> oldValue = <span class="keyword">this</span>.value; <span class="comment">// 获取到的旧值</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (newValue !== oldValue) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 判断新旧值是否相等，不相等就执行回调</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.value = newValue;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.cb(newValue);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> addDep: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">dep</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 检查depIds对象是否存在某个实例，避免去查找原型链上的属性</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (!<span class="keyword">this</span>.depIds.hasOwnProperty(dep.id)) {</span><br><span class="line"> dep.addSub(<span class="keyword">this</span>); <span class="comment">// 在 dep 存储 watcher 监听器</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.depIds[dep.id] = dep; <span class="comment">// 在 watcher 存储订阅者 dep</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 获取data中的值，可能出现 hello.a.b的情况</span></span><br><span class="line"> getVal: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">vm, expr</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> expr = expr.split(<span class="string">"."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> expr.reduce(<span class="function">(<span class="params">prev, next</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> prev[next];</span><br><span class="line"> }, vm.$data);</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 获取值</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">get</span>: function (vm, expr) {</span><br><span class="line"> Dep.target = <span class="keyword">this</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> val = <span class="keyword">this</span>.getVal(vm, expr);</span><br><span class="line"> Dep.target = <span class="literal">null</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> val;</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="dep"><a href="#dep" class="headerlink" title="dep"></a>dep</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 订阅事件的唯一标识</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> uid = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 订阅类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">Dep</span>(<span class="params"></span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.id = uid++;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.subs = [];</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Dep.prototype = {</span><br><span class="line"> addSub: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">sub</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="keyword">this</span>.subs.indexOf(sub) === <span class="number">-1</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 避免重复添加</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.subs.push(sub);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> removeSub: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">sub</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> index = <span class="keyword">this</span>.subs.indexOf(sub);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (index > <span class="number">-1</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.subs.splice(index, <span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> depend: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> Dep.target.addDep(<span class="keyword">this</span>); <span class="comment">//执行 watcher 的 addDep 方法</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> notify: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params"></span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.subs.forEach(<span class="function">(<span class="params">sub</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> sub.update(); <span class="comment">// 执行 watcher 的 update 方法</span></span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// Dep 类的全局属性 target，是一个 Watch 实例</span></span><br><span class="line">Dep.target = <span class="literal">null</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="compile"><a href="#compile" class="headerlink" title="compile"></a>compile</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span 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class="line">179</span><br><span class="line">180</span><br><span class="line">181</span><br><span class="line">182</span><br><span class="line">183</span><br><span class="line">184</span><br><span class="line">185</span><br><span class="line">186</span><br><span class="line">187</span><br><span class="line">188</span><br><span class="line">189</span><br><span class="line">190</span><br><span class="line">191</span><br><span class="line">192</span><br><span class="line">193</span><br><span class="line">194</span><br><span class="line">195</span><br><span class="line">196</span><br><span class="line">197</span><br><span class="line">198</span><br><span class="line">199</span><br><span class="line">200</span><br><span class="line">201</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">Compile</span>(<span class="params">el, vm</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.el = <span class="keyword">this</span>.isElementNode(el) ? el : <span class="built_in">document</span>.querySelector(el);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.vm = vm;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="keyword">this</span>.el) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 将真实DOM移入内存 fragment 中</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> fragment = <span class="keyword">this</span>.node2Fragment(<span class="keyword">this</span>.el);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.compile(fragment);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//将编译后的 fragment 再次转化为 DOM 塞回到页面中</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.el.appendChild(fragment);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Compile.prototype = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 将 DOM 转化为 fragment</span></span><br><span class="line"> node2Fragment: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">el</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> fragment = <span class="built_in">document</span>.createDocumentFragment();</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 每次获取DOM节点树中的第一个元素，直到移除完毕为止</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> (el.firstChild) {</span><br><span class="line"> fragment.appendChild(el.firstChild);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 返回一个文档碎片容器，存储DOM树的所有节点</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> fragment;</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 是否是DOM节点元素</span></span><br><span class="line"> isElementNode(node) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> node.nodeType === <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//编译函数</span></span><br><span class="line"> compile: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">fragment</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> childNodes = fragment.childNodes;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">Array</span>.from(childNodes).forEach(<span class="function">(<span class="params">node</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 是否是元素节点</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="keyword">this</span>.isElementNode(node)) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.compileElement(node);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.compile(node);</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 是否是文本节点</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.compileText(node);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//判断是否是指令</span></span><br><span class="line"> isDirective: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">name</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 不能使用 indexOf 的方式，因为可能出现 v-model-v-model,必须以 v- 开头</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> name.startsWith(<span class="string">"v-"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 是否是事件指令</span></span><br><span class="line"> isEventDirective: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">dir</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> dir.startsWith(<span class="string">"on"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//编译节点元素</span></span><br><span class="line"> compileElement: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">node</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 带v-model v-text</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> attrs = node.attributes; <span class="comment">// 取出当前节点的属性</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">Array</span>.from(attrs).forEach(<span class="function">(<span class="params">attr</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> attrName = attr.name;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="keyword">this</span>.isDirective(attrName)) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 取到指令对应的值放到节点中</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> expr = attr.value;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> attrArr = attrName.split(<span class="string">"-"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 说明此时不是 v-model 的这种形式，而是 v-model-v-model</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (attrArr.length !== <span class="number">2</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> type = attrArr[<span class="number">1</span>]; <span class="comment">// 获取指令是哪种类型，比如v-model,v-text</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 如果是事件指令</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="keyword">this</span>.isEventDirective(type)) {</span><br><span class="line"> CompileUtil.eventHandler(node, <span class="keyword">this</span>.vm, expr, type);</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 调用对应的编译方法 编译哪个节点,用数据替换掉表达式</span></span><br><span class="line"> CompileUtil[type](node, <span class="keyword">this</span>.vm, expr);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 编译文本元素</span></span><br><span class="line"> compileText: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">node</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> expr = node.textContent; <span class="comment">// 取文本中的内容 todo:和 innerHTML 的区别</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> reg = <span class="regexp">/\{\{([^}]+)\}\}/g</span>; <span class="comment">// 不能直接检测 {{}} 这种情况，还要考虑这种情况 {{a}} {{b}} {{c}}</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (reg.test(expr)) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 调用编译文本的方法 编译哪个节点,用数据替换掉表达式</span></span><br><span class="line"> CompileUtil[<span class="string">"text"</span>](node, <span class="keyword">this</span>.vm, expr);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 指令处理集合</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> CompileUtil = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 文本处理</span></span><br><span class="line"> text: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">node, vm, expr</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> updateFn = Updater[<span class="string">"textUpdater"</span>];</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> value = <span class="keyword">this</span>.getTextVal(vm, expr);</span><br><span class="line"> expr.replace(<span class="regexp">/\{\{([^}]+)\}\}/g</span>, (...arguments) => {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 实例化观察者，添加到发布订阅的数组中</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> Watcher(vm, <span class="built_in">arguments</span>[<span class="number">1</span>], (newValue) => {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 传入每次的表达式，比如出现 {{a}} {{b}}, 就要分别取获取表达式 a,b 的值,</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 如果直接传入 newValue,则后一个值会覆盖前一个值</span></span><br><span class="line"> updateFn && updateFn(node, <span class="keyword">this</span>.getTextVal(vm, expr));</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> updateFn && updateFn(node, value);</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// html指令处理</span></span><br><span class="line"> html: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">node, vm, expr</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> updateFn = Updater[<span class="string">"htmlUpdater"</span>];</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 更新渲染</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> Watcher(vm, expr, (newValue) => {</span><br><span class="line"> updateFn && updateFn(node, newValue);</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 初始化渲染</span></span><br><span class="line"> updateFn && updateFn(node, <span class="keyword">this</span>.getVal(vm, expr));</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// class 指令处理</span></span><br><span class="line"> class: function (node, vm, expr) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> updateFn = Updater[<span class="string">"classUpdater"</span>];</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 更新渲染</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> Watcher(vm, expr, (newValue) => {</span><br><span class="line"> updateFn && updateFn(node, newValue);</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 初始化渲染</span></span><br><span class="line"> updateFn && updateFn(node, <span class="keyword">this</span>.getVal(vm, expr));</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// model指令处理</span></span><br><span class="line"> model: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">node, vm, expr</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> updateFn = Updater[<span class="string">"modelUpdater"</span>];</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> Watcher(vm, expr, (newValue) => {</span><br><span class="line"> updateFn && updateFn(node, newValue);</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 监听输入框的input事件，并将值回填到数据中</span></span><br><span class="line"> node.addEventListener(<span class="string">"input"</span>, (e) => {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> newValue = e.target.value;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.setVal(vm, expr, newValue);</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> updateFn && updateFn(node, <span class="keyword">this</span>.getVal(vm, expr));</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 事件指令处理</span></span><br><span class="line"> eventHandler: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">node, vm, expr, type</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// todo</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> eventType = type.split(<span class="string">":"</span>)[<span class="number">1</span>],</span><br><span class="line"> fn = vm.$method[expr];</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (eventType && fn) {</span><br><span class="line"> node.addEventListener(eventType, fn.bind(vm), <span class="literal">false</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 获取文本的值</span></span><br><span class="line"> getTextVal: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">vm, expr</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> expr.replace(<span class="regexp">/\{\{([^}]+)\}\}/g</span>, (...arguments) => {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//argument[1] 就是 {{hello}} 里面的 hello 值</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">this</span>.getVal(vm, <span class="built_in">arguments</span>[<span class="number">1</span>]);</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 获取值</span></span><br><span class="line"> getVal: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">vm, expr</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> expr = expr.split(<span class="string">"."</span>); <span class="comment">//将 hello.a.b 转化为数组,调用reduce获取最里面的值</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> expr.reduce(<span class="function">(<span class="params">prev, next</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> prev[next];</span><br><span class="line"> }, vm.$data);</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 设置值</span></span><br><span class="line"> setVal: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">vm, expr, value</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> expr = expr.split(<span class="string">"."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 将新值回填到数据中，并且回填到最后一个值，如:hello.a.b，就需要把值回填到b中</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> expr.reduce(<span class="function">(<span class="params">prev, next, index</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (index === expr.length - <span class="number">1</span>) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> (prev[next] = value);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> prev[next];</span><br><span class="line"> }, vm.$data);</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 更新数据处理集合</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> Updater = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 文本更新</span></span><br><span class="line"> textUpdater: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">node, value</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> node.textContent = <span class="keyword">typeof</span> value === <span class="string">"undefined"</span> ? <span class="string">""</span> : value;</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// html 更新</span></span><br><span class="line"> htmlUpdater: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">node, value</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> node.innerHTML = <span class="keyword">typeof</span> value === <span class="string">"undefined"</span> ? <span class="string">""</span> : value;</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// class 更新</span></span><br><span class="line"> classUpdater: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">node, value</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> className = node.className;</span><br><span class="line"> className = className.replace(value, <span class="string">""</span>).replace(<span class="regexp">/\s$/</span>, <span class="string">""</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> space = className && <span class="built_in">String</span>(value) ? <span class="string">" "</span> : <span class="string">""</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> node.className = className + space + value;</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// model 更新</span></span><br><span class="line"> modelUpdater: <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">node, value</span>) </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> node.value = <span class="keyword">typeof</span> value === <span class="string">"undefined"</span> ? <span class="string">""</span> : value;</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<span>本文结束<i class="fa fa-meh-o fa-fw"></i>感谢您的阅读</span>
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<p><span>本文标题:</span><a href="/%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E5%8F%8C%E5%90%91%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A.html">实现双向绑定</a></p>
<p><span>文章作者:</span><a href="/" title="访问 陈宇（cosyer） 的个人博客">陈宇（cosyer）</a></p>
<p><span>发布时间:</span>2018年11月07日 - 17:11</p>
<p><span>最后更新:</span>2020年07月11日 - 00:07</p>
<p><span>原始链接:</span><a href="/%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E5%8F%8C%E5%90%91%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A.html" title="实现双向绑定">http://mydearest.cn/%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E5%8F%8C%E5%90%91%E7%BB%91%E5%AE%9A.html</a>
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<div class="post-toc-content"><ol class="nav"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#defineProperty实现"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">defineProperty实现</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#proxy实现"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">proxy实现</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#mvvm"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">mvvm</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#mvvm-1"><span class="nav-number">3.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">mvvm</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#observer"><span class="nav-number">3.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">observer</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#watcher"><span class="nav-number">3.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">watcher</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#dep"><span class="nav-number">3.4.</span> <span class="nav-text">dep</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#compile"><span class="nav-number">3.5.</span> <span class="nav-text">compile</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></div>
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