diff --git a/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Dimensions.swift b/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Dimensions.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..570ff33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Dimensions.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+
+// MARK: Horizontal
+
+/// A measurement of the horizontal dimension.
+public struct Horizontal: Equatable, Hashable {
+  fileprivate let value: Int
+}
+
+extension Horizontal: AdditiveArithmetic {
+  public static func + (lhs: Horizontal, rhs: Horizontal) -> Horizontal {
+    Horizontal(value: lhs.value + rhs.value)
+  }
+
+  public static func - (lhs: Horizontal, rhs: Horizontal) -> Horizontal {
+    Horizontal(value: lhs.value - rhs.value)
+  }
+}
+
+extension Horizontal: Comparable {
+  public static func < (lhs: Horizontal, rhs: Horizontal) -> Bool {
+    lhs.value < rhs.value
+  }
+}
+
+extension Horizontal: CustomStringConvertible {
+  public var description: String {
+    value.description
+  }
+}
+
+extension Horizontal: ExpressibleByIntegerLiteral {
+  public init(integerLiteral value: Int) {
+    self.init(value: value)
+  }
+}
+
+extension Horizontal: Strideable {
+  public func advanced(by n: Int) -> Horizontal {
+    Horizontal(value: value + n)
+  }
+
+  public func distance(to other: Horizontal) -> Int {
+    value - other.value
+  }
+}
+
+extension Horizontal {
+  package init(_ value: some BinaryInteger) {
+    self.init(value: Int(value))
+  }
+}
+
+// MARK: - Vertical
+
+/// A measurement of the vertical dimension.
+public struct Vertical: Equatable, Hashable {
+  fileprivate let value: Int
+}
+
+extension Vertical: AdditiveArithmetic {
+  public static func + (lhs: Vertical, rhs: Vertical) -> Vertical {
+    Vertical(value: lhs.value + rhs.value)
+  }
+
+  public static func - (lhs: Vertical, rhs: Vertical) -> Vertical {
+    Vertical(value: lhs.value - rhs.value)
+  }
+}
+
+extension Vertical: Comparable {
+  public static func < (lhs: Vertical, rhs: Vertical) -> Bool {
+    lhs.value < rhs.value
+  }
+}
+
+extension Vertical: CustomStringConvertible {
+  public var description: String {
+    value.description
+  }
+}
+
+extension Vertical: ExpressibleByIntegerLiteral {
+  public init(integerLiteral value: Int) {
+    self.init(value: value)
+  }
+}
+
+extension Vertical: Strideable {
+  public func advanced(by n: Int) -> Vertical {
+    Vertical(value: value + n)
+  }
+
+  public func distance(to other: Vertical) -> Int {
+    value - other.value
+  }
+}
+
+extension Vertical {
+  package init(_ value: some BinaryInteger) {
+    self.init(value: Int(value))
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Edge.swift b/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Edge.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..81a1d13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Edge.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+
+public enum Edge {}
+
+extension Edge {
+  public struct Set<Value> {
+    fileprivate let _insets: (Value) -> EdgeInsets
+  }
+}
+
+extension Edge.Set {
+  func insets(_ value: Value) -> EdgeInsets {
+    _insets(value)
+  }
+}
+
+extension Edge.Set<Int> {
+
+  public static var all: Self {
+    Self { value in
+      let vertical = Vertical(value)
+      let horizontal = Horizontal(value)
+      return EdgeInsets(
+        top: vertical,
+        leading: horizontal,
+        bottom: vertical,
+        trailing: horizontal)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+extension Edge.Set<Vertical> {
+
+  public static var top: Self {
+    Self { EdgeInsets(top: $0, leading: 0, bottom: 0, trailing: 0) }
+  }
+
+  public static var bottom: Self {
+    Self { EdgeInsets(top: 0, leading: 0, bottom: $0, trailing: 0) }
+  }
+
+  public static var vertical: Self {
+    Self { EdgeInsets(top: $0, leading: 0, bottom: $0, trailing: 0) }
+  }
+}
+
+extension Edge.Set<Horizontal> {
+
+  public static var leading: Self {
+    Self { EdgeInsets(top: 0, leading: $0, bottom: 0, trailing: 0) }
+  }
+
+  public static var trailing: Self {
+    Self { EdgeInsets(top: 0, leading: 0, bottom: 0, trailing: $0) }
+  }
+
+  public static var horizontal: Self {
+    Self { EdgeInsets(top: 0, leading: $0, bottom: 0, trailing: $0) }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/EdgeInsets.swift b/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/EdgeInsets.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc632af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/EdgeInsets.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+
+public struct EdgeInsets {
+  let top: Vertical
+  let leading: Horizontal
+  let bottom: Vertical
+  let trailing: Horizontal
+
+  public init(
+    top: Vertical,
+    leading: Horizontal,
+    bottom: Vertical,
+    trailing: Horizontal
+  ) {
+    self.top = top
+    self.leading = leading
+    self.bottom = bottom
+    self.trailing = trailing
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Position.swift b/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Position.swift
index 41f347f..9cdd48b 100644
--- a/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Position.swift
+++ b/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Position.swift
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 
 struct Position: Equatable, Hashable {
-  let x: Int
-  let y: Int
+  let x: Horizontal
+  let y: Vertical
 }
 
 extension Position {
diff --git a/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Size.swift b/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Size.swift
index b916770..f30c2e2 100644
--- a/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Size.swift
+++ b/Sources/TerminalUI/Rendering/Size.swift
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import Foundation
 
 struct Size {
-  let width: Int
-  let height: Int
+  let width: Horizontal
+  let height: Vertical
 }
 
 extension Size {
@@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ extension Size {
   static var window: Size {
     var size = winsize()
     _ = ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, UInt(TIOCGWINSZ), &size)
-    return Size(width: Int(size.ws_col), height: Int(size.ws_row))
+    return Size(width: Horizontal(size.ws_col), height: Vertical(size.ws_row))
   }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/TerminalUI/ViewModifiers/Padding.swift b/Sources/TerminalUI/ViewModifiers/Padding.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d5aade
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Sources/TerminalUI/ViewModifiers/Padding.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+
+extension View {
+
+  public func padding(_ insets: EdgeInsets) -> some View {
+    Padding(content: self, insets: insets)
+  }
+
+  public func padding<Value>(
+    _ set: Edge.Set<Value>,
+    _ value: Value
+  ) -> some View {
+    padding(set.insets(value))
+  }
+
+  public func padding(_ length: Int) -> some View {
+    padding(.all, length)
+  }
+}
+
+private struct Padding<Content: View>: Builtin, View {
+
+  let content: Content
+  let insets: EdgeInsets
+
+  func render(
+    in canvas: any Canvas,
+    size: Size,
+    environment: EnvironmentValues
+  ) {
+    content._render(
+      in: canvas.inset(insets),
+      size: size.inset(insets),
+      environment: environment
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+extension Canvas {
+  fileprivate func inset(_ insets: EdgeInsets) -> Canvas {
+    InsetCanvas(base: self, insets: insets)
+  }
+}
+
+private struct InsetCanvas<Base: Canvas>: Canvas {
+  let base: Base
+  let insets: EdgeInsets
+
+  func draw(_ pixel: Pixel, at position: Position) {
+    base.draw(pixel, at: position.offset(by: insets))
+  }
+}
+
+extension Position {
+  fileprivate func offset(by insets: EdgeInsets) -> Position {
+    Position(x: x + insets.leading, y: y + insets.top)
+  }
+}
+
+extension Size {
+  fileprivate func inset(_ insets: EdgeInsets) -> Size {
+    Size(
+      width: width - insets.leading - insets.trailing,
+      height: height - insets.top - insets.bottom
+    )
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/TerminalUI/Views/Text.swift b/Sources/TerminalUI/Views/Text.swift
index 36b7468..3634932 100644
--- a/Sources/TerminalUI/Views/Text.swift
+++ b/Sources/TerminalUI/Views/Text.swift
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public struct Text: Builtin, View {
         hidden: environment.hidden,
         strikethrough: environment.strikethrough
       )
-      canvas.draw(pixel, at: Position(x: index, y: 0))
+      canvas.draw(pixel, at: Position(x: Horizontal(index), y: 0))
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Tests/TerminalUITests/Internal/DimensionsTests.swift b/Tests/TerminalUITests/Internal/DimensionsTests.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..abb55da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tests/TerminalUITests/Internal/DimensionsTests.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+import TerminalUI
+import TerminalUITesting
+import Testing
+
+@Suite("Dimensions") struct DimensionTests {
+
+  @Suite("Horizontal") struct HorizontalTests {
+
+    @Test("ExpressibleByIntegerLiteral")
+    func expressibleByIntegerLiteral() {
+      let horizontal: Horizontal = 3
+      #expect(horizontal.description == "3")
+    }
+
+    @Test("AdditiveArithmetic")
+    func additiveArithmetic() {
+      #expect(Horizontal(4) + Horizontal(2) == Horizontal(6))
+      #expect(Horizontal(4) - Horizontal(2) == Horizontal(2))
+    }
+
+    @Test("Comparable")
+    func comparable() {
+      #expect(Horizontal(1) < Horizontal(2))
+      #expect(Horizontal(2) > Horizontal(1))
+      #expect(Horizontal(1) <= Horizontal(1))
+      #expect(Horizontal(1) >= Horizontal(1))
+    }
+
+    @Test("Equatable")
+    func equatable() {
+      #expect(Horizontal(1) == Horizontal(1))
+      #expect(Horizontal(2) != Horizontal(1))
+    }
+
+    @Test("Strideable")
+    func strideable() {
+      var horizontals = (Horizontal(1)...Horizontal(3)).makeIterator()
+      #expect(horizontals.next() == 1)
+      #expect(horizontals.next() == 2)
+      #expect(horizontals.next() == 3)
+      #expect(horizontals.next() == nil)
+    }
+
+    @Test("init(some BinaryInteger)")
+    func initBinaryInteger() {
+      let value = Int.random(in: 0..<1_000_000)
+      #expect(Horizontal(value).description == value.description)
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Suite("Vertical") struct VerticalTests {
+
+    @Test("AdditiveArithmetic")
+    func additiveArithmetic() {
+      #expect(Vertical(4) + Vertical(2) == Vertical(6))
+      #expect(Vertical(4) - Vertical(2) == Vertical(2))
+    }
+
+    @Test("Comparable")
+    func comparable() {
+      #expect(Vertical(1) < Vertical(2))
+      #expect(Vertical(2) > Vertical(1))
+      #expect(Vertical(1) <= Vertical(1))
+      #expect(Vertical(1) >= Vertical(1))
+    }
+
+    @Test("Equatable")
+    func equatable() {
+      #expect(Vertical(1) == Vertical(1))
+      #expect(Vertical(2) != Vertical(1))
+    }
+
+    @Test("ExpressibleByIntegerLiteral")
+    func expressibleByIntegerLiteral() {
+      let vertical: Vertical = 3
+      #expect(vertical.description == "3")
+    }
+
+    @Test("Strideable")
+    func strideable() {
+      var verticals = (Vertical(1)...Vertical(3)).makeIterator()
+      #expect(verticals.next() == 1)
+      #expect(verticals.next() == 2)
+      #expect(verticals.next() == 3)
+      #expect(verticals.next() == nil)
+    }
+
+    @Test("init(some BinaryInteger)")
+    func initBinaryInteger() {
+      let value: Int = Int.random(in: 0..<1_000_000)
+      #expect(Vertical(value).description == value.description)
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Tests/TerminalUITests/ViewModifiers/PaddingTests.swift b/Tests/TerminalUITests/ViewModifiers/PaddingTests.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3707b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tests/TerminalUITests/ViewModifiers/PaddingTests.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+@testable import TerminalUI
+import TerminalUITesting
+import Testing
+
+@Suite("Padding", .tags(.viewModifier))
+struct PaddingTests {
+
+  let canvas = TestCanvas()
+  let view = Color.blue
+  let pixel = Pixel(" ", background: .blue)
+
+  @Test("edge insets")
+  func edgeInsets() {
+
+    canvas.render(size: Size(width: 8, height: 6)) {
+      view.padding(EdgeInsets(top: 1, leading: 2, bottom: 3, trailing: 4))
+    }
+
+    #expect(canvas.pixels == [
+      Position(x: 3, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 4, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 3, y: 3): pixel,
+      Position(x: 4, y: 3): pixel,
+    ])
+  }
+
+  @Test("all")
+  func all() async throws {
+
+    canvas.render(size: Size(width: 3, height: 3)) {
+      view.padding(.all, 1)
+    }
+
+    #expect(canvas.pixels == [
+      Position(x: 2, y: 2): pixel,
+    ])
+  }
+
+  @Test("top")
+  func top() async throws {
+
+    canvas.render(size: Size(width: 3, height: 3)) {
+      view.padding(.top, 1)
+    }
+
+    #expect(canvas.pixels == [
+      Position(x: 1, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 3, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 1, y: 3): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 3): pixel,
+      Position(x: 3, y: 3): pixel,
+    ])
+  }
+
+  @Test("leading")
+  func leading() async throws {
+
+    canvas.render(size: Size(width: 3, height: 3)) {
+      view.padding(.leading, 1)
+    }
+
+    #expect(canvas.pixels == [
+      Position(x: 2, y: 1): pixel,
+      Position(x: 3, y: 1): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 3, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 3): pixel,
+      Position(x: 3, y: 3): pixel,
+    ])
+  }
+
+  @Test("bottom")
+  func bottom() async throws {
+
+    canvas.render(size: Size(width: 3, height: 3)) {
+      view.padding(.bottom, 1)
+    }
+
+    #expect(canvas.pixels == [
+      Position(x: 1, y: 1): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 1): pixel,
+      Position(x: 3, y: 1): pixel,
+      Position(x: 1, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 3, y: 2): pixel,
+    ])
+  }
+
+  @Test("trailing")
+  func trailing() async throws {
+
+    canvas.render(size: Size(width: 3, height: 3)) {
+      view.padding(.trailing, 1)
+    }
+
+    #expect(canvas.pixels == [
+      Position(x: 1, y: 1): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 1): pixel,
+      Position(x: 1, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 1, y: 3): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 3): pixel,
+    ])
+  }
+
+  @Test("horizontal")
+  func horizontal() async throws {
+
+    canvas.render(size: Size(width: 3, height: 3)) {
+      view.padding(.horizontal, 1)
+    }
+
+    #expect(canvas.pixels == [
+      Position(x: 2, y: 1): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 3): pixel,
+    ])
+  }
+
+  @Test("vertical")
+  func vertical() async throws {
+
+    canvas.render(size: Size(width: 3, height: 3)) {
+      view.padding(.vertical, 1)
+    }
+
+    #expect(canvas.pixels == [
+      Position(x: 1, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 3, y: 2): pixel,
+    ])
+  }
+
+  @Test("length")
+  func length() async throws {
+
+    canvas.render(size: Size(width: 4, height: 4)) {
+      view.padding(1)
+    }
+
+    #expect(canvas.pixels == [
+      Position(x: 2, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 3, y: 2): pixel,
+      Position(x: 2, y: 3): pixel,
+      Position(x: 3, y: 3): pixel,
+    ])
+  }
+}