tests.c

/*
 * Copyright 2020-2021 Stanislav Paskalev <spaskalev@protonmail.com>
 */


#define START_TEST printf("Running test: %s in %s:%d\n", __func__, __FILE__, __LINE__);
#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200112L

#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define BUDDY_ALLOC_IMPLEMENTATION
#include "buddy_alloc.h"
#undef BUDDY_ALLOC_IMPLEMENTATION

/*
 * The tests are written with 64-bit arch in mind.
 * To allow running them on 32-bit the following macros are used
 *
 * PSS(x) - Platform-specific size. Does nothing on 64 bit. Halves value on 32 bit.
 * OF(x,y) - One of - picks the first argument on 64 bit and the second on 32 bit.
 */

#if SIZE_MAX == 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
#define PSS(x) (x)
#define OF(x, y) (x)
#elif SIZE_MAX == 0xFFFFFFFF
#define PSS(x) ((x)/2)
#define OF(x, y) (y)
#else
#error Unsupported platform
#endif

/*
 * This is a mini-hack for Windows, that allows us to quick-fail on assertions
 */
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#undef assert
#define assert(x) if(!(x)){ printf("Assertion failed on ( " #x " )"); exit(1); }
void *my_aligned_malloc(size_t size, size_t alignment) {
    return _aligned_malloc(size, alignment);
}
void my_aligned_free(void *aligned_ptr) {
    _aligned_free(aligned_ptr);
}
#else
void *my_aligned_malloc(size_t size, size_t alignment) {
    void *ptr = NULL;
    assert(posix_memalign(&ptr, alignment, size) == 0);
    return ptr;
}
void my_aligned_free(void *aligned_ptr) {
    free(aligned_ptr);
}
#endif

void test_highest_bit_position(void) {
    assert(highest_bit_position(1) == 1);
    assert(highest_bit_position(2) == 2);
    assert(highest_bit_position(3) == 2);
    assert(highest_bit_position(4) == 3);
    assert(highest_bit_position(SIZE_MAX-1) == (sizeof(size_t) * CHAR_BIT));
    assert(highest_bit_position(SIZE_MAX) == (sizeof(size_t) * CHAR_BIT));
}

void test_ceiling_power_of_two(void) {
    assert(ceiling_power_of_two(0) == 1);
    assert(ceiling_power_of_two(1) == 1);
    assert(ceiling_power_of_two(2) == 2);
    assert(ceiling_power_of_two(3) == 4);
    assert(ceiling_power_of_two(4) == 4);
    assert(ceiling_power_of_two(5) == 8);
    assert(ceiling_power_of_two(6) == 8);
    assert(ceiling_power_of_two(7) == 8);
    assert(ceiling_power_of_two(8) == 8);
}

void test_popcount_byte(void) {
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
        unsigned char c = (unsigned char) i;
        assert(popcount_byte(c) == (popcount_byte(c / 2) + (c & 1)));
    }
}

void test_bitset_basic(void) {
    unsigned char buf[4] = {0};
    START_TEST;
    assert(bitset_sizeof(7) == 1);
    assert(bitset_sizeof(8) == 1);
    assert(bitset_sizeof(9) == 2);
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 0));
    bitset_set(buf, 0);
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 0));
}

void test_bitset_range(void) {
    unsigned char buf[4] = {0};
    size_t bitset_length = 32;
    START_TEST;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < bitset_length; i++) {
        for (size_t j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
            memset(buf, 0, 4);
            bitset_set_range(buf, bitset_range(j, i));
            for (size_t k = 0; k < bitset_length; k++) {
                if ((k >= j) && (k <= i)) {
                    assert(bitset_test(buf, k));
                } else {
                    assert(!bitset_test(buf, k));
                }
            }
            bitset_clear_range(buf, bitset_range(j, i));
            for (size_t k = j; k < i; k++) {
                assert(!bitset_test(buf, k));
            }
        }
    }
}

void test_bitset_shift(void) {
    unsigned char *buf = malloc(bitset_sizeof(16));
    START_TEST;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < bitset_sizeof(16); i++) {
        buf[i] = 0;
    }
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
        bitset_clear(buf, i);
    }
    bitset_set(buf, 0);
    bitset_set(buf, 3);
    bitset_set(buf, 4);
    bitset_set(buf, 7);
    bitset_shift_right(buf, 0, 8, 4);
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 0));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 1));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 2));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 3));
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 4));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 5));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 6));
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 7));
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 8));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 9));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 10));
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 11));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 12));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 13));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 14));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 15));
    bitset_shift_left(buf, 4, 12, 4);
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 0));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 1));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 2));
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 3));
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 4));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 5));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 6));
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 7));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 8));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 9));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 10));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 11));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 12));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 13));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 14));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 15));
    free(buf);
}

void test_bitset_shift_invalid(void) {
    unsigned char buf[4096] = {0};
    START_TEST;
    bitset_set_range(buf, bitset_range(1, 0)); /* no-op */
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 0));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 1));
    bitset_set_range(buf, bitset_range(0, 1));
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 0));
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 1));
    bitset_clear_range(buf, bitset_range(1, 0)) /* no-op */;
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 0));
    assert(bitset_test(buf, 1));
    bitset_clear_range(buf, bitset_range(0, 1));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 0));
    assert(!bitset_test(buf, 1));
}

void test_bitset_debug(void) {
    unsigned char buf[4096] = {0};
    START_TEST;
    bitset_set(buf, 0);
    bitset_clear(buf, 1);
    bitset_debug(buf, 2); /* code coverage */
}

void test_buddy_init_null(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    START_TEST;
    {
        struct buddy *buddy = buddy_init(NULL, data_buf, 4096);
        assert(buddy == NULL);
    }
    {
        struct buddy *buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, NULL, 4096);
        assert(buddy == NULL);
    }
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_init_overlap(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(data_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy == NULL);
}

struct wrong_alignment {
    size_t placement_1;
    unsigned char buffer_1[4096];
    size_t placement_2;
    unsigned char buffer_2[4096];
};

void test_buddy_misalignment(void) {
    struct buddy *buddy;
    struct wrong_alignment wa = {0};
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(wa.buffer_1 + 1, wa.buffer_2, 4096);
    assert(buddy == NULL);
    buddy = buddy_init(wa.buffer_1, wa.buffer_2+1, 2048);
    assert(buddy == NULL);

}

void test_buddy_embed_misalignment(void) {
    struct wrong_alignment wa = {0};
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(wa.buffer_1 + 1, 2048);
    assert(buddy == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_invalid_datasize(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    assert(buddy_sizeof(0) == 0);
    assert(buddy_sizeof(BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN-1) == 0);
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 0);
    assert(buddy == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_init(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_init_virtual_slots(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[1024];
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(1024));
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 1020);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_init_non_power_of_two_memory_01(void) {
    size_t buddy_size = PSS(4096);
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(buddy_size));
    unsigned char *data_buf  = malloc(buddy_size);
    size_t cutoff = PSS(256);
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, buddy_size-cutoff);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
        assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) != NULL);
    }
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(data_buf);
}

void test_buddy_init_non_power_of_two_memory_02(void) {
    size_t buddy_size = PSS(4096);
    size_t cutoff = PSS(256+(sizeof(size_t)/2));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(buddy_size));
    unsigned char *data_buf  = malloc(buddy_size);
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, buddy_size-cutoff);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 59; i++) {
        assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) != NULL);
    }
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(data_buf);
}

void test_buddy_init_non_power_of_two_memory_03(void) {
    size_t buddy_size = PSS(4096);
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(buddy_size));
    unsigned char *data_buf  = malloc(buddy_size);
    size_t cutoff = PSS(256-(sizeof(size_t)/2));
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, buddy_size-cutoff);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
        assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) != NULL);
    }
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(data_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_noop(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(1024));
    unsigned char data_buf[1024];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 1024);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 1024) == buddy);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_up_within_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(1024));
    unsigned char data_buf[1024];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 768);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 896) == buddy);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 768) == buddy);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_up_at_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(1024));
    unsigned char data_buf[1024];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 768);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 1024) == buddy);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 768) == buddy);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_up_after_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 768);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 2048) == buddy);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 768) == buddy);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_down_to_virtual(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(1024));
    unsigned char data_buf[1024];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 1024);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 832) == buddy);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 1024) == buddy);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_down_to_virtual_partial(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(1024));
    unsigned char data_buf[1024];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 1024);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 832-1) == buddy);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 1024) == buddy);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_down_within_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(1024));
    unsigned char data_buf[1024];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 768);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 640) == buddy);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 768) == buddy);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_down_within_reserved_failure(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(1024));
    unsigned char data_buf[1024];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *r512, *r256;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 768);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    r512 = buddy_malloc(buddy, 512);
    assert(r512 != NULL);
    r256 = buddy_malloc(buddy, 256);
    assert(r256 != NULL);
    buddy_free(buddy, r512);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 640) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_down_at_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(1024));
    unsigned char data_buf[1024];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 768);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 512) == buddy);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 768) == buddy);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_down_before_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(1024));
    unsigned char data_buf[1024];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 768);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 448) == buddy);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 768) == buddy);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_down_already_used(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *r1024;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    r1024 = buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024);
    assert(r1024 == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 256) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_multiple(void) {
    size_t buddy_size = 1 << 20;
    size_t max_buddy_size = 1 << 29;
    unsigned char *data_buf = malloc(max_buddy_size);
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(max_buddy_size));
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, buddy_size);
    for (size_t shift = 1; shift <= 9; shift++) {
        while (buddy_malloc(buddy, PSS(64))); /* Fill it in */
        buddy = buddy_resize(buddy, buddy_size << shift);
        assert(buddy_can_shrink(buddy));
    }
    free(data_buf);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_resize_embedded_up_within_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(data_buf, 768 + buddy_sizeof(768));
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    buddy = buddy_resize(buddy, 896 + buddy_sizeof(896));
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 512) == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) == data_buf+512);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 128) == data_buf+512+256);
    /* No more space */
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) == NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 32) == NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 16) == NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 8) == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_resize_embedded_up_at_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(data_buf, 768 + buddy_sizeof(768));
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == NULL);
    buddy = buddy_resize(buddy, 1024 + (sizeof(size_t)*OF(4,5)) + buddy_sizeof(1024));
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_resize_embedded_up_after_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(data_buf, 768 + (sizeof(size_t)*2) + buddy_sizeof(768));
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == NULL);
    buddy = buddy_resize(buddy, 2048 + (sizeof(size_t)*OF(3,9)) + buddy_sizeof(2048));
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == data_buf + 1024);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_resize_embedded_down_within_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(data_buf, 768 + buddy_sizeof(768));
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    buddy = buddy_resize(buddy, 640 + buddy_sizeof(640));
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 512) == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) == data_buf+512);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) == data_buf+512+64);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_resize_embedded_down_within_reserved_failure(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *r512, *r256;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(data_buf, 768 + buddy_sizeof(768));
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    r512 = buddy_malloc(buddy, 512);
    assert(r512 != NULL);
    r256 = buddy_malloc(buddy, 256);
    assert(r256 != NULL);
    buddy_free(buddy, r512);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 640 + buddy_sizeof(640)) == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_resize_embedded_down_at_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(data_buf, 768 + buddy_sizeof(768));
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 512 + buddy_sizeof(512)) != NULL);
}

void test_buddy_resize_embedded_down_before_reserved(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(data_buf, 768 + buddy_sizeof(768));
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 448 + buddy_sizeof(448)) != NULL);
}

void test_buddy_resize_embedded_down_already_used(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 256 + buddy_sizeof(256)) == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_resize_embedded_too_small(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_resize(buddy, 1) == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_resize_embedded_multiple(void) {
    size_t buddy_size = 1 << 20;
    size_t max_buddy_size = 1 << 29;
    unsigned char *data_buf = malloc(max_buddy_size);
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(data_buf, buddy_size);
    for (size_t shift = 1; shift <= 9; shift++) {
        while (buddy_malloc(buddy, PSS(64))); /* Fill it in */
        buddy = buddy_resize(buddy, buddy_size << shift);
        assert(buddy_can_shrink(buddy));
    }
    free(data_buf);
}

void test_buddy_debug(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init_alignment(buddy_buf, data_buf, 64, 32);
    buddy_debug(buddy); /* code coverage */
    buddy = buddy_init_alignment(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096, 4096);
    buddy_debug(buddy); /* code coverage */
    buddy = buddy_embed(data_buf, 4096);
    buddy_debug(buddy); /* code coverage */
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_can_shrink(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    unsigned char buddy_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy = NULL;
    void *r2048_1, *r2048_2, *r4096;
    START_TEST;
    assert(buddy_can_shrink(buddy) == 0);
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy_can_shrink(buddy) == 1);
    r2048_1 = buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048);
    assert(r2048_1 == data_buf);
    r2048_2 = buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048);
    assert(r2048_2 == data_buf+2048);
    buddy_free(buddy, r2048_1);
    assert(buddy_can_shrink(buddy) == 0);
    buddy_free(buddy, r2048_2);
    r4096 = buddy_malloc(buddy, 4096);
    assert(r4096 == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_can_shrink(buddy) == 0);
}

void test_buddy_arena_size(void) {
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    unsigned char buddy_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy = NULL;
    START_TEST;
    assert(buddy_arena_size(buddy) == 0);
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy_arena_size(buddy) == 4096);
}

void test_buddy_arena_free_size_01(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *slot;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy_arena_free_size(buddy) == 4096);
    slot = buddy_malloc(buddy, 4096);
    assert(buddy_arena_free_size(buddy) == 0);
    buddy_free(buddy, slot);
    assert(buddy_arena_free_size(buddy) == 4096);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_arena_free_size_02(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *slot;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 3072);
    assert(buddy_arena_free_size(buddy) == 3072);
    slot = buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048);
    assert(buddy_arena_free_size(buddy) == 1024);
    buddy_free(buddy, slot);
    assert(buddy_arena_free_size(buddy) == 3072);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_arena_free_size_03(void) {
    unsigned char shared_buf[8192];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    size_t current_free;
    void *slot;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(shared_buf, 8192);
    current_free = buddy_arena_free_size(buddy);
    slot = buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048);
    assert(buddy_arena_free_size(buddy) == current_free - 2048);
    buddy_free(buddy, slot);
    assert(buddy_arena_free_size(buddy) == current_free);
}

void test_buddy_malloc_null(void) {
    START_TEST;
    assert(buddy_malloc(NULL, 1024) == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_malloc_zero(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    /* This is implementation-defined in the standard! */
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 0) != NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_malloc_larger(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 8192) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_malloc_basic_01(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(1024));
    unsigned char data_buf[1024];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 1024);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == NULL);
    buddy_free(buddy, data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_malloc_basic_02(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == data_buf+2048);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == NULL);
    buddy_free(buddy, data_buf);
    buddy_free(buddy, data_buf+2048);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == data_buf+2048);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_malloc_basic_03(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == data_buf+2048);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == data_buf+1024);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == NULL);
    buddy_free(buddy, data_buf+1024);
    buddy_free(buddy, data_buf+2048);
    buddy_free(buddy, data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == data_buf+2048);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == data_buf+1024);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_malloc_basic_04(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) == data_buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 32) == data_buf+64);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_free_coverage(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf+1024, 1024);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    buddy_free(NULL, NULL);
    buddy_free(NULL, data_buf+1024);
    buddy_free(buddy, NULL);
    buddy_free(buddy, data_buf);
    buddy_free(buddy, data_buf+2048);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_free_alignment(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    buddy_free(buddy, data_buf+1);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_free_invalid_free_01(void) {
    size_t size = BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf_control = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *r, *l;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    l = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(l != NULL);
    r = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(r != NULL);
    assert(l != r);
    buddy_free(buddy, r);
    memcpy(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size));
    // double-free on a right node
    // that will propagate to a partially-allocated parent
    buddy_free(buddy, r);
    assert(memcmp(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size)) == 0);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(buddy_buf_control);
}

void test_buddy_free_invalid_free_02(void) {
    size_t size = BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf_control = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *r, *l;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    l = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(l != NULL);
    r = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(r != NULL);
    assert(l != r);
    buddy_free(buddy, l);
    buddy_free(buddy, r);
    memcpy(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size));
    // double-free on a right node
    // that will propagate to a unallocated parent
    buddy_free(buddy, r);
    assert(memcmp(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size)) == 0);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(buddy_buf_control);
}

void test_buddy_free_invalid_free_03(void) {
    size_t size = BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf_control = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *r, *l, *m;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    l = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(l != NULL);
    r = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(r != NULL);
    assert(l != r);
    buddy_free(buddy, l);
    buddy_free(buddy, r);
    m = buddy_malloc(buddy, size); // full allocation
    assert(m == l); // at the start of the arena
    memcpy(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size));
    // double-free on a right node
    // that will propagate to a fully-allocated parent
    buddy_free(buddy, r);
    assert(memcmp(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size)) == 0);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(buddy_buf_control);
}

void test_buddy_free_invalid_free_04(void) {
    size_t size = BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf_control = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *r, *l;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    l = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(l != NULL);
    r = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(r != NULL);
    assert(l != r);
    buddy_free(buddy, l);
    memcpy(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size));
    // double-free on a left node
    // that will propagate to a partially-allocated parent
    buddy_free(buddy, l);
    /* the use check in buddy_tree_release handles this case */
    assert(memcmp(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size)) == 0);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(buddy_buf_control);
}

void test_buddy_safe_free_coverage(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf+1024, 1024);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(NULL, NULL, 0) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_BUDDY_IS_NULL);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, NULL, 0) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_INVALID_ADDRESS);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, data_buf, 0) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_INVALID_ADDRESS);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, data_buf+2048, 0) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_INVALID_ADDRESS);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, data_buf+1024, 1024) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_INVALID_ADDRESS);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_safe_free_alignment(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, data_buf+1, 0) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_INVALID_ADDRESS);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_01(void) {
    size_t size = BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf_control = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *r, *l;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    l = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(l != NULL);
    r = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(r != NULL);
    assert(l != r);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, r, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_SUCCESS);
    memcpy(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size));
    // double-free on a right node
    // that will propagate to a partially-allocated parent
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, r, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_INVALID_ADDRESS);
    assert(memcmp(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size)) == 0);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(buddy_buf_control);
}

void test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_02(void) {
    size_t size = BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf_control = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *r, *l;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    l = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(l != NULL);
    r = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(r != NULL);
    assert(l != r);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, l, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_SUCCESS);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, r, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_SUCCESS);
    memcpy(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size));
    // double-free on a right node
    // that will propagate to a unallocated parent
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, r, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_INVALID_ADDRESS);
    assert(memcmp(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size)) == 0);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(buddy_buf_control);
}

void test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_03(void) {
    size_t size = BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf_control = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *r, *l, *m;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    l = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(l != NULL);
    r = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(r != NULL);
    assert(l != r);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, l, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_SUCCESS);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, r, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_SUCCESS);
    m = buddy_malloc(buddy, size); // full allocation
    assert(m == l); // at the start of the arena
    memcpy(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size));
    // double-free on a right node
    // that will propagate to a fully-allocated parent
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, r, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_INVALID_ADDRESS);
    assert(memcmp(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size)) == 0);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(buddy_buf_control);
}

void test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_04(void) {
    size_t size = BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf_control = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *r, *l;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    l = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(l != NULL);
    r = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    assert(r != NULL);
    assert(l != r);
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, l, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_SUCCESS);
    memcpy(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size));
    // double-free on a left node
    // that will propagate to a partially-allocated parent
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, l, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN*2) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_INVALID_ADDRESS);
    assert(memcmp(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size)) == 0);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(buddy_buf_control);
}

void test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_05(void) {
    size_t size = BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf_control = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *l;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    l = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN);
    memcpy(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size));
    // safe free with double size
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, l, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_SIZE_MISMATCH);
    assert(memcmp(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size)) == 0);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(buddy_buf_control);
}

void test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_06(void) {
    size_t size = BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf_control = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *m;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    m = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN*2);
    memcpy(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size));
    // safe free with half size
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, m, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_SIZE_MISMATCH);
    assert(memcmp(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size)) == 0);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(buddy_buf_control);
}

void test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_07(void) {
    size_t size = BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN * 2;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char *buddy_buf_control = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *m;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    m = buddy_malloc(buddy, BUDDY_ALLOC_ALIGN*2);
    memcpy(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size));
    // safe free with zero size
    assert(buddy_safe_free(buddy, m, 0) == BUDDY_SAFE_FREE_SIZE_MISMATCH);
    assert(memcmp(buddy_buf_control, buddy_buf, buddy_sizeof(size)) == 0);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(buddy_buf_control);
}

void test_buddy_demo(void) {
    size_t arena_size = 65536;
    /* You need space for the metadata and for the arena */
    void *buddy_metadata = malloc(buddy_sizeof(arena_size));
    void *buddy_arena = malloc(arena_size);
    struct buddy *buddy = buddy_init(buddy_metadata, buddy_arena, arena_size);

    /* Allocate using the buddy allocator */
    void *data = buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048);
    /* Free using the buddy allocator */
    buddy_free(buddy, data);

    assert(buddy_is_empty(NULL) == false);
    assert(buddy_is_empty(buddy));

    free(buddy_metadata);
    free(buddy_arena);
}

void test_buddy_demo_embedded(void) {
    size_t arena_size = 65536;
    /* You need space for arena and builtin metadata */
    void *buddy_arena = malloc(arena_size);
    struct buddy *buddy = buddy_embed(buddy_arena, arena_size);

    /* Allocate using the buddy allocator */
    void *data = buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048);
    /* Free using the buddy allocator */
    buddy_free(buddy, data);

    free(buddy_arena);
}

void test_buddy_calloc(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    char *result;
    START_TEST;
    memset(data_buf, 1, 4096);
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    result = buddy_calloc(buddy, sizeof(char), 4096);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 4096; i++) {
        assert(result[i] == 0);
    }
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_calloc_no_members(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    char *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    result = buddy_calloc(buddy, 0, 4096);
    /* This is implementation-defined in the standard! */
    assert(result != NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_calloc_no_size(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    char *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    result = buddy_calloc(buddy, sizeof(char), 0);
    /* This is implementation-defined in the standard! */
    assert(result != NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_calloc_overflow(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    char *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    result = buddy_calloc(buddy, sizeof(short), SIZE_MAX);
    assert(result == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_realloc_01(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    /* This is implementation-defined! */
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, NULL, 0, false);
    assert(result != NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_realloc_02(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, NULL, 128, false);
    assert(result == data_buf);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_realloc_03(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, NULL, 128, false);
    assert(result == data_buf);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, result, 128, false);
    assert(result == data_buf);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_realloc_04(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, NULL, 128, false);
    assert(result == data_buf);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, result, 64, false);
    assert(result == data_buf);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_realloc_05(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, NULL, 128, false);
    assert(result == data_buf);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, result, 256, false);
    assert(result == data_buf);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_realloc_06(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, NULL, 128, false);
    assert(result == data_buf);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, result, 0, false);
    assert(result == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_realloc_07(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, NULL, 128, false);
    assert(result == data_buf);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, result, 1024, false);
    assert(result == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_realloc_08(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) == data_buf);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, NULL, 256, false);
    assert(result == data_buf + 256);
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, result, 512, false);
    assert(result == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_realloc_alignment(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy_realloc(buddy, data_buf+1, 2048, false) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_realloc_ignore_01(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    unsigned char *ba;
    START_TEST;
    memset(data_buf, 0, 4096); /* make sure the buffer is empty */
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 4096);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 64); /* allocate one slot */
    result = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64); /* allocate its sibling */
    memset(result, 255, 64); /* put some data in it */
    result = buddy_realloc(buddy, result, 128, true); /* get a new slot, ignore data */
    ba = (unsigned char *) result;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
        assert(ba[i] == 0);
    }
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_reallocarray_01(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    result = buddy_reallocarray(buddy, NULL, 0, 0, false);
    /* This is implementation-defined! */
    assert(result != NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_reallocarray_02(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    result = buddy_reallocarray(buddy, NULL, sizeof(short), SIZE_MAX, false);
    assert(result == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_reallocarray_03(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *result;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    result = buddy_reallocarray(buddy, NULL, sizeof(char), 256, false);
    assert(result == data_buf);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_embedded_not_enough_memory(void) {
    unsigned char buf[4];
    START_TEST;
    assert(buddy_embed(buf, 4) == NULL);
    assert(buddy_embed(buf, 0) == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_embedded_null(void) {
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(NULL, 4096);
    assert(buddy == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_embedded_01(void) {
    unsigned char buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
}

void test_buddy_embedded_malloc_01(void) {
    unsigned char buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(buf, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == NULL);
    buddy_free(buddy, buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == buf);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == NULL);
}

void test_buddy_embedded_malloc_alignment(void) {
    unsigned char buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed_alignment(buf, 4096, 0);
    assert(buddy == NULL);
    buddy = buddy_embed_alignment(buf, 4096, 4096);
    assert(buddy == NULL);
    buddy = buddy_embed_alignment(buf, 4096, 2048);
    assert(buddy_arena_size(buddy) == 2048);
    buddy = buddy_embed_alignment(buf, 4096, 1024);
    assert(buddy_arena_size(buddy) == 3072);
    buddy = buddy_embed_alignment(buf, 4096, 512);
    assert(buddy_arena_size(buddy) == 3584);
}

void test_buddy_embed_at(void) {
    unsigned char buf1[4096] = {0};
    unsigned char buf2[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy* buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(buf1, 4096);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048);
    memcpy(buf2, buf1, 4096);
    buddy = buddy_get_embed_at(buf2, 0);
    assert(buddy == NULL);
    buddy = buddy_get_embed_at(buf2, 4096);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == NULL);
    buddy_free(buddy, buf2);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 2048) == buf2);
}

void test_buddy_mixed_use_01(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *addr[8] = {0};
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        addr[i] = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
        assert(addr[i] != NULL);
    }
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        if (i%2 == 0) {
            buddy_free(buddy, addr[i]);
        }
    }
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_mixed_use_02(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *addr[8] = {0};
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        addr[i] = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
        assert(addr[i] != NULL);
    }
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        buddy_free(buddy, addr[i]);
    }
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 128) != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 64) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_mixed_use_03(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *addr[4] = {0};
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        addr[i] = buddy_malloc(buddy, 128);
        assert(addr[i] != NULL);
    }
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        buddy_free(buddy, addr[i]);
    }
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_large_arena(void) {
    size_t size = PSS(2147483648) /* 2/1 GB */;
    unsigned char *data_buf = malloc(size);
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(size));
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, size);
    assert(buddy != NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, size) == data_buf);
    buddy_free(buddy, data_buf);
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(data_buf);
}

void *walker_01(void *ctx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t allocated) {
    size_t *counter = (size_t *) ctx;
    (void) addr;
    assert(size == 64);
    assert(allocated);
    (*counter)++;
    if ((*counter) > 2) {
        return addr; /* cause a stop */
    }
    return NULL;
}

void test_buddy_walk_01(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *a;
    size_t counter;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    assert(buddy_walk(NULL, walker_01, NULL) == NULL);
    assert(buddy_walk(buddy, NULL, NULL) == NULL);
    a = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    counter = 0;
    assert(buddy_walk(buddy, walker_01, &counter) == NULL);
    assert(counter == 2);
    buddy_free(buddy, a);
    counter = 0;
    assert(buddy_walk(buddy, walker_01, &counter) == NULL);
    assert(counter == 1);
    counter = 0;
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    assert(buddy_walk(buddy, walker_01, &counter) != NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void *walker_02(void *ctx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t allocated) {
    size_t *counter = (size_t *) ctx;
    (void) addr;
    assert(size == 128);
    assert(allocated);
    (*counter)++;
    if ((*counter) > 2) {
        return addr; /* cause a stop */
    }
    return NULL;
}
void test_buddy_walk_02(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    size_t counter;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    counter = 0;
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 128);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 128);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 128);
    assert(buddy_walk(buddy, walker_02, &counter) != NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

struct walker_03_entry {
    void *addr;
    size_t size;
};

void *walker_03(void *ctx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t allocated) {
    struct walker_03_entry (*context) = (struct walker_03_entry *) ctx;
    unsigned int found = 0;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        struct walker_03_entry *current = context + i;
        if ((current->addr == addr) && (current->size) == size) {
            found = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    assert(found);
    (void) allocated;
    return NULL;
}

void test_buddy_walk_03(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    struct walker_03_entry context[3];
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    context[0] = (struct walker_03_entry){.addr = buddy_malloc(buddy, 128), .size = 128};
    context[1] = (struct walker_03_entry){.addr = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64), .size = 64};
    context[2] = (struct walker_03_entry){.addr = buddy_malloc(buddy, 256), .size = 256};
    assert(buddy_walk(buddy, walker_03, &context) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void *walker_04(void *ctx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t allocated) {
    struct buddy *buddy = (struct buddy *) ctx;
    assert(addr != NULL);
    assert(size != 0);
    assert(allocated);
    buddy_free(buddy, addr);
    return NULL;
}

void test_buddy_walk_04(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 128);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 256);
    assert(buddy_walk(buddy, walker_04, buddy) == NULL);
    assert(buddy_is_empty(buddy));
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void *walker_05(void *ctx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t allocated) {
    (void) addr;
    (void) size;
    (void) allocated;
    return ctx;
}

void test_buddy_walk_05(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(4096));
    unsigned char data_buf[4096];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    unsigned int ctx = 0;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 3648); // virtual slots
    assert(buddy_walk(buddy, walker_05, &ctx) == NULL);
    assert(walker_05(&ctx, NULL, 0, 1) == &ctx); // coverage
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void *walker_06(void *ctx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t allocated) {
    struct buddy *buddy = (struct buddy *) ctx;
    assert(allocated);
    buddy_realloc(buddy, addr, size, false);
    return NULL;
}

void test_buddy_walk_06(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    void *a[8];
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    a[0] = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    a[1] = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    a[2] = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    a[3] = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    a[4] = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    a[5] = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    a[6] = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    a[7] = buddy_malloc(buddy, 64);
    buddy_free(buddy, a[1]);
    buddy_free(buddy, a[3]);
    buddy_free(buddy, a[5]);
    buddy_free(buddy, a[7]);
    // at this point we have 4x64 slots free but they are
    // fragmented and cannot be coalesced
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) == NULL);
    buddy_walk(buddy, walker_06, buddy);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) != NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_reserve_01(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    buddy_reserve_range(buddy, buddy_buf, 512); // wrong dst
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 512) == data_buf); // entire buddy should be free
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_reserve_02(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    buddy_reserve_range(buddy, data_buf, 0); // zero length
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 512) == data_buf); // entire buddy should be free
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_reserve_03(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    buddy_reserve_range(buddy, data_buf, 512); // full length
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 512) == NULL); // entire buddy should be busy
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_reserve_04(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    buddy_reserve_range(buddy, data_buf, 512-16); // almost-full length
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 512) == NULL); // entire buddy should be busy
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_reserve_05(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    buddy_reserve_range(buddy, data_buf, 256); // half length
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 512) == NULL);
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) == (data_buf + 256));
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) == NULL);
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_reserve_coverage(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    buddy_reserve_range(NULL, NULL, 0); // coverage-only
    buddy_reserve_range(buddy, NULL, 0); // coverage-only
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_unsafe_release_01(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 512); // Use all
    buddy_unsafe_release_range(buddy, data_buf, 0); // Zero length
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 512) == NULL); // no release should have happened
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_unsafe_release_02(void) {
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(512));
    unsigned char data_buf[512];
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, 512);
    buddy_reserve_range(buddy, data_buf, 256); // half length
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 256); // Use the rest
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) == NULL); // no space
    buddy_unsafe_release_range(buddy, data_buf, 256); // get back half
    assert(buddy_malloc(buddy, 256) == data_buf); // there should be space now
    free(buddy_buf);
}

void test_buddy_fragmentation(void) {
    size_t buddy_size = PSS(256);
    void *ptrs[4];
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(buddy_size));
    unsigned char *data_buf = malloc(buddy_size);
    struct buddy *b = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, buddy_size);

    START_TEST;

    // This test verified the same as test_buddy_tree_fragmentation,
    // just through the allocator public interface

    // No fragmentation for invalid allocator
    assert(buddy_fragmentation(NULL) == 0);

    // No fragmentation for empty allocator
    assert(buddy_fragmentation(b) == 0);

    // No fragmentation for full allocator either
    buddy_malloc(b, buddy_size);
    assert(buddy_fragmentation(b) == 0);
    buddy_free(b, data_buf);

    // Some fragmentation for partially-used allocator
    buddy_malloc(b, PSS(64));
    assert(buddy_fragmentation(b) == 143);

    buddy_free(b, data_buf);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; i++){
        ptrs[i] = buddy_malloc(b, PSS(64));
    }
    buddy_free(b, ptrs[0]);
    buddy_free(b, ptrs[2]);
    assert(buddy_fragmentation(b) == 191);

    free(buddy_buf);
    free(data_buf);
}

void test_buddy_is_empty(void) {
    size_t buddy_size = 1024;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(buddy_size));
    unsigned char *data_buf = malloc(buddy_size);
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, buddy_size);
    assert(buddy_is_empty(buddy));
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(data_buf);
}

void test_buddy_is_full(void) {
    size_t buddy_size = 1024;
    unsigned char *buddy_buf = malloc(buddy_sizeof(buddy_size));
    unsigned char *data_buf = malloc(buddy_size);
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_init(buddy_buf, data_buf, buddy_size);
    buddy_malloc(buddy, 1024);
    assert(buddy_is_full(buddy));
    free(buddy_buf);
    free(data_buf);
    assert(buddy_is_full(NULL) == false);
}

void test_buddy_slot_alignment(void) {
    size_t arena_size = 4096;
    size_t max_alignment = 4096;
    size_t slot_alignment;
    void *arena, *alloc, *slot;
    struct buddy *buddy;
    START_TEST;
    arena = my_aligned_malloc(arena_size, max_alignment);
    for (size_t alignment = 1; alignment <= max_alignment; alignment <<= 1) {
        alloc = malloc(buddy_sizeof_alignment(arena_size, alignment));
        buddy = buddy_init_alignment(alloc, arena, arena_size, alignment);

        for(size_t i = 0; i < (arena_size/alignment); i++) {
            slot = buddy_malloc(buddy, alignment);
            slot_alignment = ((uintptr_t)slot) % alignment;
            assert(slot_alignment == 0);
        }

        assert(buddy_arena_free_size(buddy) == 0);
        free(alloc);
    }
    my_aligned_free(arena);
}

void test_buddy_invalid_slot_alignment(void) {
    size_t arena_size = 4096;
    unsigned char arena[4096];
    unsigned char buddy[4096];
    START_TEST;
    assert(buddy_sizeof_alignment(arena_size, 0) == 0);
    assert(buddy_sizeof_alignment(arena_size, 3) == 0);
    assert(buddy_init_alignment(buddy, arena, 4096, 0) == NULL);
    assert(buddy_init_alignment(buddy, arena, 4096, 3) == NULL);
    assert(buddy_embed_alignment(arena, 4096, 0) == NULL);
    assert(buddy_embed_alignment(arena, 4096, 3) == NULL);
}

#ifdef BUDDY_EXPERIMENTAL_CHANGE_TRACKING
struct buddy_change_tracker_context {
    size_t total_length;
    size_t total_calls;
};

void buddy_change_tracker_cb(void* context, unsigned char* addr, size_t length) {
    struct buddy_change_tracker_context *tracker_context = (struct buddy_change_tracker_context *) context;
    tracker_context->total_length += length;
    tracker_context->total_calls++;
}

void test_buddy_change_tracking() {
    struct buddy_change_tracker_context context = {0};
    unsigned char arena[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy *buddy = buddy_embed(arena, 4096);
    void *slot;
    START_TEST;
    buddy_enable_change_tracking(buddy, &context, buddy_change_tracker_cb);
    assert(context.total_length == 0);
    assert(context.total_calls == 0);
    slot = buddy_malloc(buddy, 512);
    assert(context.total_length == 2);
    assert(context.total_calls == 2);
    buddy_free(buddy, slot);
    assert(context.total_length == 4);
    assert(context.total_calls == 4);
}
#else
#define test_buddy_change_tracking()
#endif /* BUDDY_EXPERIMENTAL_CHANGE_TRACKING */

void test_buddy_tree_init(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    START_TEST;
    assert(buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 8) != NULL);
}

void test_buddy_tree_valid(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 8);
    assert(!buddy_tree_valid(t, (struct buddy_tree_pos){ 0, 0 }));
    assert(!buddy_tree_valid(t, (struct buddy_tree_pos){ 256, 0 }));
    assert(buddy_tree_valid(t, (struct buddy_tree_pos){ 1, 1 }));
    assert(buddy_tree_valid(t, (struct buddy_tree_pos){ 255, 8 }));
}

void test_buddy_tree_order(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 8);
    assert(buddy_tree_order(t) == 8);
}

void test_buddy_tree_depth(void) {
    START_TEST;
    assert(buddy_tree_depth((struct buddy_tree_pos){ 1, 1 }) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_depth((struct buddy_tree_pos){ 2, 2 }) == 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_depth((struct buddy_tree_pos){ 3, 2 }) == 2);
}

void test_buddy_tree_left_child(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    pos = buddy_tree_left_child(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_depth(pos) == 2);
    pos = buddy_tree_left_child(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_valid(t, pos) == 0);
}

void test_buddy_tree_right_child(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    pos = buddy_tree_right_child(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_depth(pos) == 2);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_child(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_valid(t, pos) == 0);
}

void test_buddy_tree_parent(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    assert(! buddy_tree_valid(t, buddy_tree_parent(pos)));
    assert(! buddy_tree_valid(t, buddy_tree_parent(INVALID_POS)));
    assert(buddy_tree_parent(buddy_tree_left_child(pos)).index == pos.index);
    assert(buddy_tree_parent(buddy_tree_right_child(pos)).index == pos.index);
}

void test_buddy_tree_right_adjacent(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    assert(! buddy_tree_valid(t, buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos)));
    assert(! buddy_tree_valid(t, buddy_tree_right_adjacent(buddy_tree_right_child(pos))));
    assert(buddy_tree_right_adjacent(buddy_tree_left_child(pos)).index == buddy_tree_right_child(pos).index);
}

void test_buddy_tree_index(void) {
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos = buddy_tree_root();
    START_TEST;
    assert(buddy_tree_index(pos) == 0);
    assert(buddy_tree_index(buddy_tree_left_child(pos)) == 0);
    assert(buddy_tree_index(buddy_tree_right_child(pos)) == 1);
}

void test_buddy_tree_mark_status_release_01(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 1);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, pos) == 0);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, pos) == 1);
    buddy_tree_release(t, pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, pos) == 0);
}

void test_buddy_tree_mark_status_release_02(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, pos) == 0);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, pos) == 2);
}

void test_buddy_tree_mark_status_release_03(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 3);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, pos) == 0);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, pos) == 3);
}

void test_buddy_tree_mark_status_release_04(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 4);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, pos) == 0);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, pos) == 4);
}

void test_buddy_tree_duplicate_mark(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 1);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    buddy_tree_mark(t, pos);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, pos);
}

void test_buddy_tree_duplicate_free(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 1);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    buddy_tree_release(t, pos);
}

void test_buddy_tree_propagation_01(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos, left;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    left = buddy_tree_left_child(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, left) == 0);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, left);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, left) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, pos) == 1);
}

void test_buddy_tree_propagation_02(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos, left;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 3);
    pos = buddy_tree_root();
    left = buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_left_child(pos));
    buddy_tree_mark(t, left);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, left) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, pos) == 1);
}

void test_buddy_tree_find_free(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096];
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 3);
    pos = buddy_tree_find_free(t, 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_valid(t, pos) == 1);
    pos = buddy_tree_find_free(t, 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_valid(t, pos) == 1);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, pos);
    pos = buddy_tree_find_free(t, 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_valid(t, pos) == 1);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, pos);
    pos = buddy_tree_find_free(t, 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_valid(t, pos) == 0);
}

void test_buddy_tree_debug_coverage(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, buddy_tree_root());
    buddy_tree_debug(t, buddy_tree_root(), 0);printf("\n"); /* code coverage */
}

void test_buddy_tree_check_invariant_positive_01(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct internal_position root_internal;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    root_internal = buddy_tree_internal_position_tree(t, buddy_tree_root());
    write_to_internal_position(t, root_internal, 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_check_invariant(t, buddy_tree_root()));
}

void test_buddy_tree_check_invariant_positive_02(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct internal_position left_internal;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    left_internal = buddy_tree_internal_position_tree(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root()));
    write_to_internal_position(t, left_internal, 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_check_invariant(t, buddy_tree_root()));
}

void test_buddy_tree_check_invariant_negative_01(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, buddy_tree_root());
    assert(! buddy_tree_check_invariant(t, buddy_tree_root()));
}

void test_buddy_tree_check_invariant_negative_02(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root()));
    assert(! buddy_tree_check_invariant(t, buddy_tree_root()));
}

void test_buddy_tree_resize_same_size(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 1);
    buddy_tree_resize(t, 1);
}

void test_buddy_tree_resize_01(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 1);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, buddy_tree_root());
    buddy_tree_resize(t, 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_order(t) == 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_root()) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 0);
    buddy_tree_resize(t, 3);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_root()) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 0);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root()))) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root()))) == 0);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_root()))) == 0);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_root()))) == 0);
}

void test_buddy_tree_resize_02(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 3);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root()));
    buddy_tree_resize(t, 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_root()) == 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 0);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 0);
    buddy_tree_resize(t, 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_order(t) == 2); /* cannot shrink */
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_root()) == 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 0);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 0);
}

void test_buddy_tree_resize_03(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_root()));
    buddy_tree_resize(t, 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_order(t) == 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_root()) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 0);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 1);
}

void test_buddy_tree_resize_04(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 1);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, buddy_tree_root());
    buddy_tree_resize(t, 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_order(t) == 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_root()) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 0);
}

void test_buddy_tree_resize_05(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 1);
    buddy_tree_resize(t, 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_order(t) == 2);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_root()) == 0);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 0);
    assert(buddy_tree_status(t, buddy_tree_right_child(buddy_tree_root())) == 0);
}

void test_buddy_tree_leftmost_child_01(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos leftmost;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 1);
    leftmost = buddy_tree_leftmost_child(t);
    assert(buddy_tree_valid(t, leftmost));
    assert(leftmost.index == buddy_tree_root().index);
}

void test_buddy_tree_leftmost_child_02(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos leftmost;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 2);
    leftmost = buddy_tree_leftmost_child(t);
    assert(buddy_tree_valid(t, leftmost));
    assert(leftmost.index == buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root()).index);
}

void test_buddy_tree_is_free_01(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 3);
    pos = buddy_tree_leftmost_child(t);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 1);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 1);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 1);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 1);
}

void test_buddy_tree_is_free_02(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 3);
    pos = buddy_tree_leftmost_child(t);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 0);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 1);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 1);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 1);
}
void test_buddy_tree_is_free_03(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 3);
    pos = buddy_tree_leftmost_child(t);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, buddy_tree_parent(pos));
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 0);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 0);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 1);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 1);
}

void test_buddy_tree_is_free_04(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 3);
    buddy_tree_mark(t, buddy_tree_root());
    pos = buddy_tree_leftmost_child(t);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 0);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 0);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 0);
    pos = buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos);
    assert(buddy_tree_is_free(t, pos) == 0);
}

void test_buddy_tree_interval(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    struct buddy_tree_interval interval;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 3);
    pos = buddy_tree_leftmost_child(t);
    interval = buddy_tree_interval(t, pos);
    assert(interval.from.index == pos.index);
    assert(interval.to.index == pos.index);
    interval = buddy_tree_interval(t, buddy_tree_parent(pos));
    assert(interval.from.index == pos.index);
    assert(interval.to.index == buddy_tree_right_adjacent(pos).index);
}

void test_buddy_tree_interval_contains(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    struct buddy_tree_pos pos;
    struct buddy_tree_interval interval_low, interval_high;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 3);
    pos = buddy_tree_leftmost_child(t);
    interval_low = buddy_tree_interval(t, pos);
    interval_high = buddy_tree_interval(t, buddy_tree_parent(pos));
    assert(buddy_tree_interval_contains(interval_low, interval_low) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_interval_contains(interval_high, interval_low) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_interval_contains(interval_high, interval_high) == 1);
    assert(buddy_tree_interval_contains(interval_low, interval_high) == 0);
}

void test_buddy_tree_buddy() {
    unsigned char buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy *buddy;
    struct buddy_tree *tree;
    START_TEST;
    buddy = buddy_embed(buf, 4096);
    tree = buddy_tree(buddy);
    assert(buddy_tree_buddy(tree) == buddy);
}

void test_buddy_tree_fragmentation(void) {
    unsigned char buddy_tree_buf[4096] = {0};
    struct buddy_tree *t;
    START_TEST;
    t = buddy_tree_init(buddy_tree_buf, 3);

    // No fragmentation for empty tree
    assert(buddy_tree_fragmentation(t) == 0.0);

    // No fragmentation for full tree either
    buddy_tree_mark(t, buddy_tree_root());
    assert(buddy_tree_fragmentation(t) == 0.0);
    buddy_tree_release(t, buddy_tree_root());

    // Some fragmentation for partially-allocated tree
    buddy_tree_mark(t, buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_left_child(buddy_tree_root())));
    assert(buddy_tree_fragmentation(t) == 143);
}

int main(void) {
    setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0);

    {
        test_highest_bit_position();
        test_ceiling_power_of_two();
        test_popcount_byte();
    }

    {
        test_bitset_basic();
        test_bitset_range();

        test_bitset_shift();
        test_bitset_shift_invalid();

        test_bitset_debug();
    }

    {
        test_buddy_init_null();
        test_buddy_init_overlap();
        test_buddy_misalignment();
        test_buddy_embed_misalignment();
        test_buddy_invalid_datasize();

        test_buddy_init();
        test_buddy_init_virtual_slots();
        test_buddy_init_non_power_of_two_memory_01();
        test_buddy_init_non_power_of_two_memory_02();
        test_buddy_init_non_power_of_two_memory_03();

        test_buddy_resize_noop();
        test_buddy_resize_up_within_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_up_at_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_up_after_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_down_to_virtual();
        test_buddy_resize_down_to_virtual_partial();
        test_buddy_resize_down_within_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_down_within_reserved_failure();
        test_buddy_resize_down_at_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_down_before_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_down_already_used();
        test_buddy_resize_multiple();

        test_buddy_resize_embedded_up_within_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_embedded_up_at_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_embedded_up_after_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_embedded_down_within_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_embedded_down_within_reserved_failure();
        test_buddy_resize_embedded_down_at_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_embedded_down_before_reserved();
        test_buddy_resize_embedded_down_already_used();
        test_buddy_resize_embedded_too_small();
        test_buddy_resize_embedded_multiple();

        test_buddy_debug();

        test_buddy_can_shrink();
        test_buddy_arena_size();
        test_buddy_arena_free_size_01();
        test_buddy_arena_free_size_02();
        test_buddy_arena_free_size_03();

        test_buddy_malloc_null();
        test_buddy_malloc_zero();
        test_buddy_malloc_larger();

        test_buddy_malloc_basic_01();
        test_buddy_malloc_basic_02();
        test_buddy_malloc_basic_03();
        test_buddy_malloc_basic_04();

        test_buddy_free_coverage();
        test_buddy_free_alignment();
        test_buddy_free_invalid_free_01();
        test_buddy_free_invalid_free_02();
        test_buddy_free_invalid_free_03();
        test_buddy_free_invalid_free_04();

        test_buddy_safe_free_coverage();
        test_buddy_safe_free_alignment();
        test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_01();
        test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_02();
        test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_03();
        test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_04();
        test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_05();
        test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_06();
        test_buddy_safe_free_invalid_free_07();

        test_buddy_demo();
        test_buddy_demo_embedded();

        test_buddy_calloc();
        test_buddy_calloc_no_members();
        test_buddy_calloc_no_size();
        test_buddy_calloc_overflow();

        test_buddy_realloc_01();
        test_buddy_realloc_02();
        test_buddy_realloc_03();
        test_buddy_realloc_04();
        test_buddy_realloc_05();
        test_buddy_realloc_06();
        test_buddy_realloc_07();
        test_buddy_realloc_08();
        test_buddy_realloc_alignment();

       test_buddy_realloc_ignore_01();

        test_buddy_reallocarray_01();
        test_buddy_reallocarray_02();
        test_buddy_reallocarray_03();

        test_buddy_embedded_not_enough_memory();
        test_buddy_embedded_null();
        test_buddy_embedded_01();
        test_buddy_embedded_malloc_01();
        test_buddy_embedded_malloc_alignment();

        test_buddy_embed_at();

        test_buddy_mixed_use_01();
        test_buddy_mixed_use_02();
        test_buddy_mixed_use_03();

        test_buddy_large_arena();

        test_buddy_walk_01();
        test_buddy_walk_02();
        test_buddy_walk_03();
        test_buddy_walk_04();
        test_buddy_walk_05();
        test_buddy_walk_06();

        test_buddy_reserve_01();
        test_buddy_reserve_02();
        test_buddy_reserve_03();
        test_buddy_reserve_04();
        test_buddy_reserve_05();
        test_buddy_reserve_coverage();

        test_buddy_unsafe_release_01();
        test_buddy_unsafe_release_02();

        test_buddy_fragmentation();

        test_buddy_is_empty();
        test_buddy_is_full();

        test_buddy_slot_alignment();
        test_buddy_invalid_slot_alignment();

        test_buddy_change_tracking();
    }

    {
        test_buddy_tree_init();
        test_buddy_tree_valid();
        test_buddy_tree_order();
        test_buddy_tree_depth();
        test_buddy_tree_left_child();
        test_buddy_tree_right_child();
        test_buddy_tree_parent();
        test_buddy_tree_right_adjacent();
        test_buddy_tree_index();
        test_buddy_tree_mark_status_release_01();
        test_buddy_tree_mark_status_release_02();
        test_buddy_tree_mark_status_release_03();
        test_buddy_tree_mark_status_release_04();
        test_buddy_tree_duplicate_mark();
        test_buddy_tree_duplicate_free();
        test_buddy_tree_propagation_01();
        test_buddy_tree_propagation_02();
        test_buddy_tree_find_free();
        test_buddy_tree_debug_coverage();
        test_buddy_tree_check_invariant_positive_01();
        test_buddy_tree_check_invariant_positive_02();
        test_buddy_tree_check_invariant_negative_01();
        test_buddy_tree_check_invariant_negative_02();
        test_buddy_tree_resize_same_size();
        test_buddy_tree_resize_01();
        test_buddy_tree_resize_02();
        test_buddy_tree_resize_03();
        test_buddy_tree_resize_04();
        test_buddy_tree_resize_05();
        test_buddy_tree_leftmost_child_01();
        test_buddy_tree_leftmost_child_02();
        test_buddy_tree_is_free_01();
        test_buddy_tree_is_free_02();
        test_buddy_tree_is_free_03();
        test_buddy_tree_is_free_04();
        test_buddy_tree_interval();
        test_buddy_tree_interval_contains();
        test_buddy_tree_buddy();
        test_buddy_tree_fragmentation();
    }
    return 0;
}