From 3686f32fe7f293f5c821e488d669874c3dbe9a69 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: zhuba-Ahhh <3477826311@qq.com>
Date: Mon, 8 Apr 2024 16:07:44 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E7=89=B9=E6=80=A7:=20:sparkles:=20git=20add=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?08-ts-utility=5Ftypes=20content?=
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---
 .github/workflows/pnpm.yml                    |  4 +--
 src/08-ts-utility_types/Awaited.ts            |  8 +++++
 .../ConstructorParameters.ts                  |  9 ++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/Exclude.ts            |  6 ++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/Extract.ts            |  5 ++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/InstanceType.ts       | 13 ++++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/NonNullable.ts        |  5 ++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/Omit.ts               | 28 +++++++++++++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/OmitThisParameter.ts  | 10 +++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/Parameters.ts         | 13 ++++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/Partial.ts            | 20 +++++++++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/Pick.ts               | 17 +++++++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/Readonly.ts           | 16 ++++++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/Record.ts             | 17 +++++++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/Required.ts           | 12 ++++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/ReturnType.ts         | 14 +++++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/ThisParameterType.ts  | 10 +++++++
 src/08-ts-utility_types/ThisType.ts           | 30 +++++++++++++++++++
 ...15\344\275\234\347\261\273\345\236\213.ts" |  5 ++++
 19 files changed, 239 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/Awaited.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/ConstructorParameters.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/Exclude.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/Extract.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/InstanceType.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/NonNullable.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/Omit.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/OmitThisParameter.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/Parameters.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/Partial.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/Pick.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/Readonly.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/Record.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/Required.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/ReturnType.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/ThisParameterType.ts
 create mode 100644 src/08-ts-utility_types/ThisType.ts
 create mode 100644 "src/08-ts-utility_types/\345\206\205\345\234\250\345\255\227\347\254\246\344\270\262\346\223\215\344\275\234\347\261\273\345\236\213.ts"

diff --git a/.github/workflows/pnpm.yml b/.github/workflows/pnpm.yml
index adf1801..32ec9fa 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/pnpm.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pnpm.yml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Bear-UI Pnpm
+name: Pnpm
 
 on:
   push:
@@ -20,5 +20,3 @@ jobs:
         run: pnpm install
       - name: Jest
         run: pnpm jest
-      # - name: Serve Docs
-      #   run: pnpm docs:serve
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/Awaited.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Awaited.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ffff27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Awaited.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// Awaited<Type>
+// 这种类型旨在模拟 async 函数中的 await 之类的操作，或 Promise 上的 .then() 方法 - 特别是它们递归解包 Promise 的方式。
+
+type A = Awaited<Promise<string>>;
+
+type B = Awaited<Promise<Promise<number>>>;
+
+type C1 = Awaited<boolean | Promise<number>>;
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/ConstructorParameters.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/ConstructorParameters.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b71a47e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/ConstructorParameters.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// ConstructorParameters<Type>
+// 从构造函数类型的类型构造元组或数组类型。它生成一个包含所有参数类型的元组类型（如果 Type 不是函数，则生成类型 never）。
+
+type T01 = ConstructorParameters<ErrorConstructor>;
+type T11 = ConstructorParameters<FunctionConstructor>;
+type T21 = ConstructorParameters<RegExpConstructor>;
+type T31 = ConstructorParameters<any>;
+
+type T41 = ConstructorParameters<Function>;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/Exclude.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Exclude.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c5792b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Exclude.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// Exclude<UnionType, ExcludedMembers>
+// 通过从 UnionType 中排除所有可分配给 ExcludedMembers 的联合成员来构造一个类型。
+
+type T02 = Exclude<"a" | "b" | "c", "a">;
+type T12 = Exclude<"a" | "b" | "c", "a" | "b">;
+type T22 = Exclude<string | number | (() => void), Function>;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/Extract.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Extract.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15f4411
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Extract.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// Extract<Type, Union>
+// 通过从 Type 中提取所有可分配给 Union 的联合成员来构造一个类型。
+
+type T04 = Extract<"a" | "b" | "c", "a" | "f">;
+type T14 = Extract<string | number | (() => void), Function>;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/InstanceType.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/InstanceType.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1a1a25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/InstanceType.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// InstanceType<Type>
+// 构造一个由 Type 中的构造函数的实例类型组成的类型。
+
+class C {
+  x = 0;
+  y = 0;
+}
+
+type T0 = InstanceType<typeof C>;
+type T1 = InstanceType<any>;
+type T2 = InstanceType<never>;
+type T3 = InstanceType<string>;
+type T4 = InstanceType<Function>;
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/NonNullable.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/NonNullable.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ca65cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/NonNullable.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// NonNullable<Type>
+// 通过从 Type 中排除 null 和 undefined 来构造一个类型。
+
+type T0 = NonNullable<string | number | undefined>;
+type T1 = NonNullable<string[] | null | undefined>;
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/Omit.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Omit.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c4ffb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Omit.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Omit<Type, Keys>
+// 通过从 Type 中选择所有属性然后删除 Keys（字符串字面或字符串字面的并集）来构造一个类型。
+
+interface Todo {
+  title: string;
+  description: string;
+  completed: boolean;
+  createdAt: number;
+}
+
+type TodoPreview = Omit<Todo, "description">;
+
+const todo: TodoPreview = {
+  title: "Clean room",
+  completed: false,
+  createdAt: 1615544252770,
+};
+
+todo;
+
+type TodoInfo = Omit<Todo, "completed" | "createdAt">;
+
+const todoInfo: TodoInfo = {
+  title: "Pick up kids",
+  description: "Kindergarten closes at 5pm",
+};
+
+todoInfo;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/OmitThisParameter.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/OmitThisParameter.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a637a84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/OmitThisParameter.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// OmitThisParameter<Type>
+// 从 Type 中删除 this 参数。如果 Type 没有显式声明的 this 参数，则结果只是 Type。否则，将从 Type 创建一个没有 this 参数的新函数类型。泛型被删除，只有最后一个重载签名被传播到新的函数类型中。
+
+function toHex(this: Number) {
+  return this.toString(16);
+}
+
+const fiveToHex: OmitThisParameter<typeof toHex> = toHex.bind(5);
+
+console.log(fiveToHex());
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/Parameters.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Parameters.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff827fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Parameters.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Parameters<Type>
+// 从函数类型 Type 的参数中使用的类型构造元组类型。
+
+declare function f1(arg: { a: number; b: string }): void;
+
+type T0 = Parameters<() => string>;
+type T1 = Parameters<(s: string) => void>;
+type T2 = Parameters<<T>(arg: T) => T>;
+type T3 = Parameters<typeof f1>;
+type T4 = Parameters<any>;
+type T5 = Parameters<never>;
+type T6 = Parameters<string>;
+type T7 = Parameters<Function>;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/Partial.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Partial.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ed767b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Partial.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Partial<Type>
+// 构造一个将 Type 的所有属性设置为可选的类型。此实用程序将返回一个表示给定类型的所有子集的类型。
+
+interface Todo {
+  title: string;
+  description: string;
+}
+
+function updateTodo(todo: Todo, fieldsToUpdate: Partial<Todo>) {
+  return { ...todo, ...fieldsToUpdate };
+}
+
+const todo1:Todo = {
+  title: "organize desk",
+  description: "clear clutter",
+};
+
+const todo2 = updateTodo(todo1, {
+  description: "throw out trash",
+});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/Pick.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Pick.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..426f67d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Pick.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Pick<Type, Keys>
+// 通过从 Type 中选取一组属性 Keys（字符串字面或字符串字面的并集）来构造一个类型。
+
+interface Todo3 {
+  title: string;
+  description: string;
+  completed: boolean;
+}
+
+type TodoPreview1 = Pick<Todo3, "title" | "completed">;
+
+const todo4: TodoPreview1 = {
+  title: "Clean room",
+  completed: false,
+};
+
+todo;
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/Readonly.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Readonly.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90ee04f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Readonly.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Readonly<Type>
+// 构造一个将 Type 的所有属性设置为 readonly 的类型，这意味着构造类型的属性不能重新分配。
+
+interface Todo2 {
+  title: string;
+}
+
+const todo3: Readonly<Todo2> = {
+  title: "Delete inactive users",
+};
+
+todo3.title = "Hello";
+
+
+// Object.freeze
+// function freeze<Type>(obj: Type): Readonly<Type>;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/Record.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Record.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c48621f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Record.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Record<Keys, Type>
+// 构造一个对象类型，其属性键为 Keys，其属性值为 Type。此实用程序可用于将一种类型的属性映射到另一种类型。
+
+interface CatInfo {
+  age: number;
+  breed: string;
+}
+
+type CatName = "miffy" | "boris" | "mordred";
+
+const cats: Record<CatName, CatInfo> = {
+  miffy: { age: 10, breed: "Persian" },
+  boris: { age: 5, breed: "Maine Coon" },
+  mordred: { age: 16, breed: "British Shorthair" },
+};
+
+cats.boris;
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/Required.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Required.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d21c231
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/Required.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// // Required<Type>
+// 构造一个由设置为 required 的 Type 的所有属性组成的类型。与Partial相反。
+
+interface Props {
+  a?: number;
+  b?: string;
+}
+
+const obj: Props = { a: 5 };
+
+const obj2: Required<Props> = { a: 5 };
+// Property 'b' is missing in type '{ a: number; }' but required in type 'Required<Props>'.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/ReturnType.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/ReturnType.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbb4fc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/ReturnType.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// ReturnType<Type>
+// 构造一个由函数 Type 的返回类型组成的类型。
+
+declare function f1(): { a: number; b: string };
+
+type T0 = ReturnType<() => string>;
+type T1 = ReturnType<(s: string) => void>;
+type T2 = ReturnType<<T>() => T>;
+type T3 = ReturnType<<T extends U, U extends number[]>() => T>;
+type T4 = ReturnType<typeof f1>;
+type T5 = ReturnType<any>;
+type T6 = ReturnType<never>;
+type T7 = ReturnType<string>;
+type T8 = ReturnType<Function>;
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/ThisParameterType.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/ThisParameterType.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd37443
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/ThisParameterType.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// ThisParameterType<Type>
+// 提取函数类型的 此 参数的类型，如果函数类型没有 this 参数，则提取 未知。
+
+function toHex(this: Number) {
+  return this.toString(16);
+}
+
+function numberToString(n: ThisParameterType<typeof toHex>) {
+  return toHex.apply(n);
+}
diff --git a/src/08-ts-utility_types/ThisType.ts b/src/08-ts-utility_types/ThisType.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..929c530
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/08-ts-utility_types/ThisType.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// ThisType<Type>
+// 此实用程序不返回转换后的类型。相反，它用作上下文 this 类型的标记。请注意，必须启用 noImplicitThis 标志才能使用此实用程序。
+
+type ObjectDescriptor<D, M> = {
+  data?: D;
+  methods?: M & ThisType<D & M>; // Type of 'this' in methods is D & M
+};
+
+function makeObject<D, M>(desc: ObjectDescriptor<D, M>): D & M {
+  let data: object = desc.data || {};
+  let methods: object = desc.methods || {};
+  return { ...data, ...methods } as D & M;
+}
+
+let obj = makeObject({
+  data: { x: 0, y: 0 },
+  methods: {
+    moveBy(dx: number, dy: number) {
+      this.x += dx; // Strongly typed this
+      this.y += dy; // Strongly typed this
+    },
+  },
+});
+
+obj.x = 10;
+obj.y = 20;
+obj.moveBy(5, 5);
+// 在上面的示例中，makeObject 参数中的 methods 对象具有包含 ThisType<D & M> 的上下文类型，因此 methods 对象内的方法中的 此 类型是 { x: number, y: number } & { moveBy(dx: number, dy: number): number }。请注意 methods 属性的类型如何同时是方法中 this 类型的推理目标和源。
+
+// ThisType<T> 标记接口只是在 lib.d.ts 中声明的一个空接口。除了在对象字面的上下文类型中被识别之外，接口的行为就像任何空接口。
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git "a/src/08-ts-utility_types/\345\206\205\345\234\250\345\255\227\347\254\246\344\270\262\346\223\215\344\275\234\347\261\273\345\236\213.ts" "b/src/08-ts-utility_types/\345\206\205\345\234\250\345\255\227\347\254\246\344\270\262\346\223\215\344\275\234\347\261\273\345\236\213.ts"
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92a29e6
--- /dev/null
+++ "b/src/08-ts-utility_types/\345\206\205\345\234\250\345\255\227\347\254\246\344\270\262\346\223\215\344\275\234\347\261\273\345\236\213.ts"
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// 内在字符串操作类型
+//  Uppercase<StringType>
+//  Lowercase<StringType>
+//  Capitalize<StringType>
+//  Uncapitalize<StringType>中英